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Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) är en variant på det mer kända Han- delsresandeproblemet. VRP går i stort ut på att finna rutter för en flotta av fordon som ska besöka ett antal kunder och i vissa fall optimera dessa rutter för att minimera sträckan som fordonen färdas. Det förekommer ofta flera bivillkor, exempelvis att en viss kund måste besökas innan en viss tidpunkt. Jag har undersökt lättheten The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a variant of the more famous Travel- ling Salesperson Problem. The VRP basically consists of finding the routes for a fleet of vehicles to visit a number of customers and in some cases op- timize this route to minimize distance traveled. Often there are many side constraints, e.g. a certain customer must be visited before a certain time. I have investigated the

Examensarbetets titel: Dina åsikter spelar roll - En kvalitativ studie av konsumentrecensioner online Seminariedatum: 2015-01-15 Ämne/kurs: FEKH29, Examensarbete kandidatnivå i marknadsföring, 15 HP Författare: Jens Boström, Denis Maliqaj och Bobo Tiger Handledare: Clara Gustafsson Fem nyckelord: Konsumentrecensioner online, e-WOM, CCT, Gemenskaper, Informationsdelning vid konsumtion. Syfte:Title: Your opinions matter - A qualitative study of consumer reviews online. Seminar date: 2015-01-15 Course: FEKH29, Degree Project in Marketing Undergraduate Level, 15HP Authors: Jens Boström, Denis Maliqaj and Bobo Tiger Advisor: Clara Gustafsson Key words: Online consumer reviews, e-WOM, CCT, Online Communities, Information sharing regarding consumption. Purpose: The purpose of this stu

In the background of intensifying global climate change and rapid urbanisation, the frequent occurrence of extreme hydrological events and the increase in surface pollution pose serious challenges to the environmental quality of water bodies. Moreover, with the significant increase in public awareness of environmental protection, higher demands have been placed on water quality monitoring techniqu

We show that spatially coupled low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes yield robust performance over changing intersymbol interfere (ISI) channels with optimal and suboptimal detectors. We compare the performance with classical LDPC code design which involves optimizing the degree distribution for a given (known) channel. We demonstrate that these classical schemes, despite working very good when de

Emanating from Putnam’s two-level game theory of international negotiations, the thesis analyse the interplay between the domestic, the supranational and the international level in the European Union, when negotiating the Bra War with China. The thesis expands Putnam’s theory into a three-level game theory in order to better understand the complexity of the European Union. The work concludes five

Title: Earnings Management under IFRS Date of seminar: 2017-05-29 Authors: David Backaliden & Ragnar Nilhag Supervisor: Peter W. Jönsson Keywords: Earnings Management, Discretionary Accruals, Jones Cash Flow Model, IFRS, Conservatism. Purpose: To investigate how the introduction of IFRS for listed companies in Sweden has affected Swedish listed companies' use of earnings management.

I dagsläget ligger byggbranschen efter många andra industrier när det kommer till effektivisering av metoder. Branschen är väldigt beroende av materialleveranser och att dessa sker utan störreproblematik. Det är viktigt att arbeta för att material anländer i rätt tid, rätt mängd och på rätt plats för att undvika förseningar och onödiga kostnader. Med ett stort intresse för effektivisering av byggIn the current situation the building industry is behind other industries when it comes to making methods more effective. The industry relies on deliveries of material and that these happen without trouble. It’s important to work towards material being delivered at the correct time, correct quantity, and the correct place to avoid delays and unnecessary costs. With a great interest in making the

The theme of this study is the Arab Spring and democratisation. The Arab Spring affected every country in the region very differently. This study aims to explain the variation of the state of democratisation in the different countries, as well as identify the factor(s) behind this variation. Six countries are selected for the analysis; half of them experienced major changes, the other half just mi

Reproductive success usually declines in the course of the season, which may be a direct effect of breeding time, an effect of quality (individuals with high phenotypic or environmental quality breeding early), or a combination of the two. Being able to distinguish between these possibilities is crucial when trying to understand individual variation in annual routines, for instance when to breed,

This paper provides a presentation of the rule of law in the EU with regard to the Stability and Growth Pact. As there are different jurisprudential conceptions as to define law, the meaning of the rule of law is inexact. The concept is however generally understood to be an antithesis to the rule of men, which implies arbitrariness. The Stability and Growth Pact is a legal instrument, adopted in a

Among late-industrializing countries, the roles of states in economic development and their impacts are different. Some are developmental while some are predatory. The purpose of this thesis is to address the puzzle how a state emerges as it is and has impacts on the long-term economic development. The colonialism or imperialism is one of the promising explanatory factors of different types of sta

Background: Short-culm mutants have been widely used in breeding programs to increase lodging resistance. In barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), several hundreds of short-culm mutants have been isolated over the years. The objective of thepresent study was to identify the Brachytic1 (Brh1) semi-dwarfing gene and to test its effect on yield and malting quality.Results: Double-haploid lines generated throu

Background: The widely used Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale (RSES) has not been evaluated for psychometric properties in Sweden. Aims: This study aimed at analyzing its factor structure, internal consistency, criterion, convergent and discriminant validity, sensitivity to change, and whether a four-graded Likert-type response scale increased its reliability and validity compared to a yes/no response

The relationship between sustainability and conflict is complex and often hard to define, yet the consequences of interaction can be catastrophic. Unsustainable practices and their consequences for the environment can contribute to conflict. War—and the energy and resource costs of preparing for war—can also have terrible impacts on the environment. In this Voices, we ask how sustainability and en

Young people have been prominent climate advocates globally and they are also becoming increasingly visible in global climate politics. They have participated in Conferences of the Parties (COPs) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) since COP1 in 1995. While recent studies have started to examine the representativeness and participation of youth at the COPs, we sti

BACKGROUND: There is need for an updated systematic review of associations between occupational exposures and ischaemic heart disease (IHD), using the GRADE system.METHODS: Inclusion criteria: (i) publication in English in peer-reviewed journal between 1985 and 2014, (ii) quantified relationship between occupational exposure (psychosocial, organizational, physical and other ergonomic job factors)