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It has been observed over decades that, poverty forces poor families to send their children to work, which results in a serious problem the world is facing nowadays. Child labour can leave many severe consequences on children and their families. When children work, it does not mean as a standard, they support their families economically, neither all of them get paid for their work since many of th
on the 21st of September, the CJEU delivered the judgements in DNB Banka and AVIVA, clearly stating that the cost sharing exemption cannot be relied upon by taxable persons operating in the financial and insurance sectors, due to the fact that the scope of Article 132(1)(f) is limited to exemptions in the public interest. This paper will look at the purpose and the development of Article 132(1)(f)
Denna uppsats undersöker under vilka omständigheter ett dominerande företag kan ha en skyldighet att ingå avtal med konkurrenter i den betydelse som avses i artikel 102 FEUF. Först presenteras en kontextuell bakgrund kring artikel 102 FEUF och rekvisiten för när ett förfarande utgör missbruk av en dominerande ställning. Därefter granskas det inflytelserika rättsfallet Bronner där rekvisiten för atThis paper examines under what circumstances a dominant undertaking may be under a duty to deal with competitors within the meaning of Article 102 TFEU. The paper first provides some contextual background around Article 102 TFEU and the elements of an abuse of a dominant position. It thereafter reviews the influential case of Bronner in which the legal test for determining when a refusal to deal c
Since March 2017, when the EC allowed visa-free travel to the Schengen area for Georgian citizens, the member states warned about the sharp and continuous rise in the number of unfounded asylum seekers from Georgia. It became the subject of active discussion at the political level, as the visa-waiver deal with the EU is an important aspect of EU-Georgia relations. Even though the rising number of
Bacteria play a major role in biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. Bacteriophages are estimated to cause the deaths of more than a fifth of all marine bacteria every day and the dynamic between bacteria and virus therefore have huge ecological impact. CRISPR-Cas systems work as an adaptive immune system for bacteria that protect them against viruses. Spacers acquired from viral sequences can make t
The purpose of this study is to examine types of challenges during the implementation of BPM regarding the set and use of performance indicators from a theoretical and practical perspective. Consequently, this thesis generates an understanding by illuminating reasons behind the previously found challenges. Hereby, this case study has followed a qualitative, abductive research strategy. The used pr
The hydrology of the Yellow River source region is expected to be affected by coming climate change. This will have repercussions for the 110million basin inhabitants. Consequently, precipitation, temperature, and streamflow trends and periodicities during the last 50years were investigated to identify significant changes in time and space over the study area. Results showed that mean annual tempe
The relationship between the Dark Triad and psychological resilience is understudied and literature on the subject is insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the association between the Dark Triad and psychological resilience, and the possibility of locus of control acting as a moderator of this relationship. The Dark Triad was investigated both as a single construct, as well as the triad tr
During the Zika outbreak in Brazil, the incidences of Zika related congenital microcephaly seemed to be concentrated mainly among women from the lower socioeconomic classes. This study examines the relationship between the inequalities in Brazilian society and the effects they have had on the Zika outbreak. This is a qualitative case study using a comparative literature review of secondary sources
Latin American countries are among the happiest countries world-wide despite suffering from vast economic inequality at the same time. Addressing this alleged puzzle, this study analyses the effects of economic prosperity and inequality on happiness in Latin America. Using a pooled dataset of annual surveys from the Latinobarómetro between 2005 and 2018, an advanced three-level model with individu
Culture has, during the last two decades or so, come to influence historical research in such a way that it is no understatement to speak of "the cultural turn", a change in paradigm fully comparable to "the social turn" in the 1960s. Cultural history, as a concept, has changed over time, from a classic cultural history in the first part of the twentieth century, where culture is seen as "the grea
This thesis focuses on how online activists react to online censorship imposed onto them by social media platforms and how the reactions shape the activists’ responses to the censorship. It does so by deploying a qualitative interview study design onto how Swedish individuals who advocate for Palestine online experience and respond to digital censorship on Meta’s social media platforms. In the st
Under the global carbon neutrality agenda, emission reduction in China’s heavy-duty transport sector is becoming urgent, though the transition faces multiple barriers. Despite China’s leading position in new energy heavy-duty trucks, gaps remain at the strategic and policy levels. This thesis, based on the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) and Policy Challenge theory, uses policy content analysis, hot
Due to human-induced environmental changes, many natural populations are undergoing extensive fitness declines. Natural or sexual selection could potentially shift the phenotypic mean of critical traits towards new phenotypic optima, promoting evolutionary rescue. However, this process has rarely been studied in natural populations. Furthermore, the population fitness can also be increased by gene
