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Ansvarsgenombrott - en jämförelse av gällande rätt och ny hovrättspraxis

Ett mycket omdiskuterat fenomen i svensk doktrin är när aktieägare åläggs ett ansvar för aktiebolagets förpliktelser trots ansvarsbegränsningen i 1 kap. 3§ ABL. Detta fenomen har kommit att kallas för ansvarsgenombrott. I två nyligen avkunnade hovrättsdomar har ansvarsgenombrott använts för att motivera ett sådant genombrott av 1 kap. 3§ ABL. Båda rättsfallen behandlade bolag vars enda syfte var

Får jag lindrigare straff om jag avslöjar mina medbrottslingar? - En komparativ studie av kronvittnen i svensk och dansk rätt

Sedan brottsbalken reviderades 1989 ligger proportionalitet och ekvivalens till grund för påföljdsbedömningen. I samband med förändringen infördes billighetshänsyn i 29 kap. 5 § BrB som rätten ska beakta vid straffmätningen. Billighetsskälen innebär att domstolen i skälig omfattning ska ta hänsyn till vissa omständigheter som är hänförliga till gärningsmannens person eller hans handlande efter broAfter the reform of the Swedish Penal Code in 1989, the choice of the sanction is based on proportionality and equivalance. In conjuction with the reform, the clemency pleas were introduced in chapter 29 § 5 of the Penal Code. The clemency pleas means that the court within a reasonable scope has to take into account circumstances that are related to the defendant’s personal circumstances or to som

Nerve regeneration across an extended gap : a neurobiological view of nerve repair and the possible involvement of neuronotrophic factors

We have compared the anatomic and functional regeneration of a transected sciatic nerve following regrowth from its proximal stump through either preformed empty mesothelial chambers or autologous nerve grafts bridging a 10 mm gap. Within the mesothelial chambers an organized multifascicular nerve trunk forms between the proximal and distal stumps. After 3 months, distal segment cross sections fro

Global Proteome Survey -Transforming antibody-based affinity proteomics into a global discovery platform

Popular Abstract in Swedish En av de stora vetenskapliga bedrifterna hittills under 2000-talet är onekligen att man efter många års arbete för första gången lyckades kartlägga (sekvensera) samtliga mänskliga gener. Det mänskliga DNA:t är lokaliserat till cellkärnan och i princip så kan man likna en cellkärna med ett kontrollrum fyllt av manualer (DNA) som talar om cellens sammansättning och hur deProteomics is expected to generate new insights into biological processes as well as identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets since most biological functions are transmitted through proteins. However, due to the complexity displayed by a proteome and inherent limitations associated with current methodologies, proteomic analyses often result in incomplete coverage and inconsistent measurem

Endogenous beta-cell CART regulates insulin secretion and transcription of beta-cell genes

Impaired beta-cell function is key to the development of type 2 diabetes. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is an islet peptide with insulinotropic and glucagonostatic properties. Here we studied the role of endogenous CART in beta-cell function. CART silencing in INS-1 (832/13) beta-cells reduced insulin secretion and production, ATP levels and beta-cell exocytosis. This was su

Nasal boost with adjuvanted heat-killed BCG or arabinomannan-protein conjugate improves primary BCG-induced protection in C57BL/6 mice

Today it is generally accepted that the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine protects against childhood tuberculosis (TB) but this immunity wanes with age, resulting in insufficient protection against adult pulmonary TB. Hence, one possible strategy to improve the protective efficacy of the BCG vaccine would be to boost in adulthood. In this study, using the mouse model, we evaluated the ability

Polyclonal expansion of cells with trisomy 7 in synovia from patients with osteoarthritis

Trisomy 7 as the single chromosome aberration has been found in a variety of neoplasms and in normal tissue in the proximity of tumors, as well as in non-neoplastic lesions. Recently, we described a nonrandom pattern of chromosome aberrations, in particular, a gain of chromosome 7, in synovia, cartilage, and osteophytes from patients with osteoarthritis. To study the clonal origin of trisomy 7 in

Changes in mACh, NMDA and GABA(A) receptor binding after lateral fluid-percussion injury : in vitro autoradiography of rat brain frozen sections

Adult rats were subjected to a moderate lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI), followed by survival periods of 2 and 12 h. Regional NMDA subtype glutamate, muscarinic acetylcholine and GABA(A) receptor binding in various brain regions was analysed by quantitative in vitro autoradiography and short-lived positron emission tomography tracers [11C]cyano-dizocilpine, 4-N-[11C]methylpiperidylbenzilate

Pre-Emptive Treatment With Rituximab of Molecular Relapse After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Mantle Cell Lymphoma.

PURPOSE: Minimal residual disease (MRD) is predictive of clinical progression in mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL). According to the Nordic MCL-2 protocol we prospectively analyzed the efficacy of pre-emptive treatment using rituximab to MCL patients in molecular relapse after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Patients and Materials: MCL patients enrolled in the study, who had polymerase chain

Spatial learning and memory following fimbria-fornix transection and grafting of fetal septal neurons to the hippocampus

The ability of intrahippocampal grafts of fetal septal-diagonal band tissue, rich in developing cholinergic neurons, to ameliorate cognitive impairments induced by bilateral fimbria-fornix transections in rats was examined in three experiments using the Morris water-maze to test different aspects of spatial memory. Experiment 1. Rats with fimbriafornix lesions received either septal cell suspensio

Profiling Associations Between IGHG-FCGR Ligand-Receptor Interactions and Disease Progression From Stage 1 and 2 to Stage 3 Type 1 Diabetes

UNLABELLED: The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether ligand-receptor interactions (LRIs) between IGHG and FCGR gene products are associated with progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D). Using two completed clinical trials (DPT-1 and TN07), we applied next-generation targeted sequencing to genotype IGHG and FCGR genes in a cohort of 1,214 individuals and assessed LRI associations

Ansvarsgenombrott - Aktieägares ansvar för bolagets förpliktelser

I ett aktiebolag har aktieägarna inte något personligt betalningsansvar för bolagets förpliktelser, vilket framgår av 1 kap. 3 § aktiebolagslagen (2005:551) (ABL). Ak- tieägarnas frihet från personligt betalningsansvar balanseras av lagregler som skyd- dar bolagets borgenärer. I doktrin och förarbeten har det även diskuterats om ak- tieägare eller andra trots huvudregeln i 1 kap. 3 § ABL, med stödIn a limited liability company, shareholders do not have personal liability for the company’s obligations, as stated in Chapter 1, Section 3 of the Swedish Companies Act (2005:551) (ABL). Shareholders’ exemption from personal liability is balanced by statutory rules protecting the company’s creditors. In doctrine and preparatory works, it has also been discussed whether shareholders or others, des

Development and Simulation of a Computational Model for Transcatheter Balloon Valvuloplasty in Aortic Valve Stenosis

Datorsimuleringar av barnhjärtinterventioner Aortaklaffstenos är ett vanligt medfött hjärtfel hos barn, som innebär att aortaklaffen är trång och släpper igenom för lite blod. Aortaklaffen har vanligtvis tre klaffblad. I en typ av aortaklaffstenos har två av klaffbladen vuxit ihop, så att klaffen endast har två klaffblad. Detta leder till att klaffen inte kan öppnas helt vilket tvingar hjärtat atAortic valve stenosis is a common congenital heart defect among children. In affected patients, the normal tricuspid valve structure is malformed into a bicuspid valve structure due to a fusion at one commissure. A common treatment is transcatheter balloon valvuloplasty, where a balloon is inserted through the aortic valve and inflated to mechanically tear the fused region, restoring a tricuspid s

Om LAS-reformens effekter på uppsägningar av personliga skäl

Under 2022 genomgick LAS en omfattande förändring. 7 § 1 st LAS om upp-sägning av personliga skäl har ändrats från krav på saklig grund till sakliga skäl och samtidigt gjorts semidispositiv i syfte att öka förutsebarheten. Reformen avsåg att göra det tydligt att avtalsbrottets allvar och omständigheterna vid uppsägningstillfället är det avgörande. Uppsatsen avser att utreda om reformen innebär någIn 2022, 7 § Employment Protection Act underwent a comprehensive change. Dismissal for personal reasons has been changed from a requirement on a factual basis to factual reasons and at the same time made semi-dispositive with the aim of increasing predictability. The reform intended to make it clear that the seriousness of the breach of contract and the circumstances at the time of termination are

Vattenrening genom komplexbildning mellan järn och humusämnen : en litteraturstudie med försök

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Målsättningen med detta examensarbete var att studera om man kunde rena vatten till dricksvattenkvalitet från två naturligt förekommande ämnen, järn och humusämnen, utan tillsats av kemikalier. Järn som förekommer naturligt i våra vatten måste minskas ned till acceptabla halter, innan de förs ut i dricksvattennätet. Humusämnen är naturliga nedbrytningsprodukter The aim of this work was to study if two natural waters could be purified from iron and organic substances without the addition of chemicals. The working hypothesis was that complexation reactions between iron- and humic substances would happen spontaneously when two waters were mixed and that this reaction could be used for purification of surface- and groundwaters into water of drinking quality.

Limits of Control - Extraterritorial application of the European convention on Human Rights

Extraterritoriell tillämpning av traktater gällande mänskliga rättigheter väcker många frågor och är idag högaktuell inom både internationella domstolar och arbetsområdet för mänskliga rättigheter i stort. Min uppsats fokuserar på den extraterritoriella tillämpningen av Europakonventionen. Den övergripande frågan som besvaras är under vilka omständigheter Europakonventionens medlemsstater måste föThe issue of extraterritorial application of human right treaties raises many questions and is today very much alive before international Courts and human right mechanisms. This thesis focuses on the extraterritorial application of the European Convention on Human Rights. The main question answered is under which circumstances the State Parties to the European Convention of Human Rights are bound

Volatility forecasting for cryptocurrencies under a heavy-tailed distribution

In the recent years, cryptocurrencies have gained popularity and have experienced high price volatility. This essay pretends to examine how the multivariate GARCH models predict the volatility of these digital currencies and what implications exist if we consider the correlations among them to forecast their volatility. Using a bivariate Diagonal VECH and bivariate Diagonal BEKK this thesis checks