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C4b-binding protein (C4BP) is a regulator of the classical complement pathway C3 convertase (C4bC2a complex). It is a disulfide-linked polymer of seven alpha-chains and a unique beta-chain; the alpha- and beta-chains are composed of eight and three complement control protein (CCP) domains, respectively. To elucidate the importance of the polymeric nature of C4BP and the structural requirements for
For a set of rooted, unordered, distinctly leaf-labeled trees, the NP-hard maximum agreement subtree problem (MAST) asks for a tree contained (up to isomorphism. or homeomorphism) in all of the input trees with as many labeled leaves as possible. We study the ordered variants of MAST where the trees are uniformly or non-uniformly ordered. We provide the first known polynomial-time algorithms for t
Using a numerical fitting scheme we construct the exact Density-Functional (DF) effective potential, corresponding wave-functions and orbital eigenvalues from an accurate correlated reference density for the neon atom. Our results compare well with those obtained later using a number of different methods, thus demonstrating the utility of the original and relatively simple fitting scheme. The exac
A large number of methods have been developed over the years to study protein-protein interactions. Many of these techniques are now available to the nonspecialist researcher thanks to new affordable instruments and/or resource centres. A typical protein-protein interaction study usually starts with an initial screen for novel binding partners. We start this review by describing three techniques t
Red blood cells (RBCs) with the Do(null) phenotype lack all antigens in the Dombrock blood group system, i.e. Do(a), Do(b), Gy(a), Hy and Jo(a). Sequence analysis of DNA from one proband with the Do(null) phenotype revealed a single nucleotide mutation of t to c in the donor splice site of DO (IVS1 + 2t > c), with outsplicing of exon 2. Analysis of a second proband revealed a homozygous nonsense m
n northern Europe, a long history of land use has led to profound changes within forest ecosystems. The white-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos) is one of several specialised forest species whose populations have declined. Conservation management directed at this species’ habitat has made it a de facto umbrella species for conservation of the biodiversity associated with forests rich in deci
This paper illustrates a novel method to analyze artificial neural networks so as to gain insight into their internal functionality. To this purpose, we will show analysis results of some feed-forward-error-back-propagation neural networks for image processing. We win describe them in terms of domain-dependent basic functions, which axe, in the case of the digital image processing domain, differen
Establishment of human embryonic stem cells (hES) from surplus human IVF embryos has been successful when both fresh and frozen-thawed cleavage stage embryos have been cultured to the blastocyst stage. This study reports the characteristics of the starting material, the blastocysts, for hES cell lines that were first derived at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital in 1999.
A high resolution injector system has recently been installed at the Lund 3 MV tandem Pelletron accelerator. The new injector, designed mainly for Al-26 ions, will increase the experimental potential of the Lund AMS facility considerably. High quality energy- and mass-resolution is obtained by using a 90degrees spherical electrostatic analyzer followed by a 90degrees magnetic analyzer. The injecto
Portfolio choice by full-scale optimization applies the empirical return distribution to a parameterized utility function, and the maximum is found through numerical optimization. Using a portfolio choice setting of three UK equity indices we identify several utility functions featuring loss aversion and prospect theory, under which full-scale optimization is a substantially better approach than t
We report laboratory measurements of oscillator strengths for 44 transitions in the Mn T spectrum covering the wavelength range 209-2780 nm. Nine energy level lifetimes have been measured using time resolved laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). The lifetimes have been combined with branching fractions measured by Fourier transform spectroscopy to obtain absolute oscillator strengths. In total, 24 of
AlSb-V-W-oxide catalysts were prepared and used for propane ammoxidation to give acrylonitrile. The preparations were characterized, both as freshly prepared and after use in propane ammoxidation, using XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy together with electron diffraction and X-ray microanalysis. Activity tests of the freshly prepared samples reveal a remarkable act
The aim of this study was to determine the number of tibialis anterior biopsy samples and muscle fibers required to estimate the capillary supply of individual muscle fibers (C:F-i). C:F-i was calculated for 25 type 1 fibers in each of 8 images from 3 biopsies of 5 young healthy individuals. Sequential estimation analysis indicated that 50 fibers from one biopsy are sufficient to characterize the
Different ways of approximating the exchange-repulsion energy with a classical potential function have been investigated by fitting various expressions to the exact exchange-repulsion energy for a large set of molecular dimers. The expressions involve either the orbital overlap or the electron-density overlap. For comparison, the parameter-free exchange-repulsion model of the effective fragment po
Tissue-based diagnostics and research is incessantly evolving with the development of new molecular tools. It has long been realized that immunohistochemistry can add an important new level of information on top of morphology and that protein expression patterns in a cancer may yield crucial diagnostic and prognostic information. We have generated an immunohistochemistry-based map of protein expre
We consider a Fermi pencil-beam model in two-space dimensions (x,y), where x is aligned with the beam’s penetration direction and y together with the scaled angular variable z correspond to a, bounded symmetric, transversal cross-section. The model corresponds to a forward–backward degenerate, convection dominated, convection–diffusion problem. For this problem we study some fully discrete numeric
Anaesthesia systems that minimize the use of volatile anaesthetics to reduce cost and pollution are of interest. Closed circuit anaesthesia is the ideal solution, but requires continuous adjustment of fresh gas flow and composition and thus is demanding in routine practice. We describe an alternative system, the Reflector system, which is open in regard to oxygen, nitrogen and N2O, and semiclosed
For the first time we checked the fundamental Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule for the proton experimentally in the photon energy range from 0.2-2.9 GeV with the tagged photon facilities at MAMI (Mainz) and ELSA (Bonn). New data of the doubly polarized total cross section difference are presented in the energy range from 1.6 to 2.9 GeV. The contribution to the GDH integral from 0.2-2.9 GeV yie
Global aging superimposed on existing infectious diseases and trauma will aggravate competition for health care resources to diagnose and treat osteoporosis. Efforts to implement public health measures are needed, but the targeted approach to assessment and treatment of high-risk individuals must also be refined.
