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Introduction Children with appendicitis often present with complicated disease. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical management of pediatric appendicitis, and to report how disease severity and operative modality are associated with short- and long-term risks of adverse outcome. Materials and Methods A nationwide retrospective cohort study of all Swedish children (<18 years) diagnose
OBJECTIVES: To investigate known and suggested risk factors associated with cerebral palsy in a Swedish birth cohort, stratified by gestational age. SETTING: Information on all births between 1995 and 2014 in Skåne, the southernmost region in Sweden, was extracted from the national birth register. PARTICIPANTS: The cohort comprised a total of 215 217 children. Information on confirmed cerebral pal
When analyzing effect heterogeneity, the researcher commonly opts for stratification or a regression model with interactions. While these methods provide valuable insights, their usefulness can be somewhat limited, since they typically fail to take into account heterogeneity with respect to many dimensions simultaneously, or give rise to models with complex appearances. Based on the potential outc
Background and Objectives: The risk of cerebral palsy (CP) is high in preterm infants and is often accompanied by additional neurodevelopmental comorbidities. The present study describes lifetime prevalence of CP in a population-based prospective cohort of children born extremely preterm, including the type and severity of CP and other comorbidities (ie, developmental delay and/or cognitive impair
Introduction Given that in developed countries we spend about 65% of our time in private homes (Brasche et al. 2005), understanding the exposures in homes is of outmost importance. Airborne particle concentrations indoors can be affected by particles of indoor and outdoor origins, as well as physico-chemical processes indoors, outdoor infiltration affected by tightness of the building envelope and
Particulate air pollution is one of the major causes of premature death in the world, and combustion-derived soot emissions contribute strongly to the particulate pollution to which humans are exposed. Black carbon (BC) is one such emission and denotes soot with strong light absorption in the ultraviolet to infrared spectrum. Combustion can also generate brown carbon (BrC) particles, with absorpti
Objectives: There is a lack of consensus around the definition of delivery by cesarean section (CS) on maternal request, and clinical practice varies across and within countries. Previous economic evaluations have focused on specific populations and selected complications. Our aim was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of CS on maternal request compared with planned vaginal birth in a Swedish cont
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) (pulmonary embolism [PE] or deep venous thrombosis [DVT]) is common during acute COVID-19. Long-term excess risk has not yet been established. Objectives: To study long-term VTE risk after COVID-19. Methods: Swedish citizens aged 18 to 84 years hospitalized and/or testing positive for COVID-19 between January 1, 2020, and September 11, 2021 (exposed), strat
The paper presents novel studies on the impact of different ignition control parameters on combustion stability and spark plug wear. First, experimental results from a 32.4-liter biogas fueled large bore single cylinder spark ignition engine are discussed. Two different ignition systems were considered in the experiment: a DC inductive and an AC capacitive. The spark plugs used in the experiment w
Background: Cleft lip with cleft palate (CLP) is a congenital condition that affects both the oral cavity and the lips. This study estimated the prevalence and mortality of CLP using surveillance data collected from birth defect registries around the world. Methods: Data from 22 population- and hospital-based surveillance programs affiliated with the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects S
Aim: To determine the prevalence of neurobehavioral symptoms at 6.5 years in children born extremely preterm (EPT, <27 weeks' gestation). Methods: Population-based cohort study of infants born EPT in Sweden from 2004 to 2007. Of 486 survivors 375 were assessed and compared with 369 matched term-born controls. EPT children free from neurosensory and intellectual disabilities (neurodevelopmental dis
Objective: To investigate whether inverse probability of participation weighting (IPPW) using register data on sociodemographic and disease history variables can improve external validity in a cohort study with selective participation. Study Design and Setting: We fitted various IPPW models by logistic regression using register data for the participants (n = 1,111) and nonparticipants (n = 1,132)
Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) nanocrystals (NCs), owing to their outstanding photophysical properties, have recently emerged as a promising material not only for solar cells but also for lighting and display applications. The photophysical properties of these materials can be further improved by chemical engineering such as cation exchange. Hot carrier (HC) cooling, as one of the key photophysic
Climate change increases the risks of heat stress, especially in urban areas where urban heat islands can develop. This literature review aims to describe how severe heat can occur and be identified in urban indoor environments, and what actions can be taken on the local scale. There is a connection between the outdoor and the indoor climate in buildings without air conditioning, but the pathways
Recurrent use of the Housing Enabler instrument has highlighted methodological challenges of broader scientific interest, namely interactions between personal functional capacity (P) and exposures to features (here potential barriers) in the built housing environment (E). This study aimed to propose and illustrate an analytic approach, separating P × E interaction effects (here accessibility probl
Aim: We studied the impact of maternal and pregnancy-related conditions and the effect of gestational age itself, on the health of infants born late preterm. Methods: Singletons born in gestational weeks 34 + 0 to 41 + 6 in 1995–2013 in the southern region of Sweden were identified from a perinatal register. We found 14 030 infants born late preterm and 294 814 born at term. A hierarchical system
