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This report is a compilation of papers written by architects, engineers and planners from Africa, Asia and Latin America, involved in housing and urban development with a focus on the urban poor. The papers present projects for change and improvements within the frame of an inter-national training programme offered by Housing Development and Management (HDM) Lund University, carried out in conjunc
Vertebral fracture risk is a heritable complex trait. The aim of this study was to identify genetic susceptibility factors for osteoporotic vertebral fracture applying a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach. The GWAS discovery was based on the Rotterdam Study, a population-based study of elderly Dutch individuals aged >55 years; and comprising 329 cases and 2666 controls with radiographic
I omställningen till en mer hållbar bioekonomi har mycket fokus legat på utvecklingen av biobränslen. När det gäller innovation och utveckling av kemikalier och andra produkter släpar utvecklingen efter av flera orsaker, vilket visas i denna avhandling.Forskningen visar att det nuvarande systemet är inlåst i ett fossilberoende av flera olika orsaker, både tekniska, organisatoriska och materiella. The transition to a bioeconomy is dependent on transformative changes to technologies, organisations, and institutions, which jointly can be described as a socio-technical change. The thesis contributes to the understanding of how the transition is shaped by expectations on and collaborations for innovation forbiorefineries, which can produce chemicals, fuels, and materials needed in a bioeconomy.
An X-ray grating interferometer (GI) suitable for clinical mammography must comply with quite strict dose, scanning time and geometry limitations, while being able to detect tumors, microcalcifications and other abnormalities. Such a design task is not straightforward, since obtaining optimal phase-contrast and dark-field signals with clinically compatible doses and geometrical constraints is rema
The paper reports a project conducted within the framework of the National Library of Sweden's Expert Group on Library Statistics. The project is financed by the National Library of Sweden, and it aims to capture how library managements make use of the current library statistics (based on the ISO-standard) in the decision-making process. Questions are also asked about the quality and usefulness of
We consider the problem of modeling and control of the nonlinear dynamics of a micro manipulator, utilized for machining operations in combination with industrial robots. Position control of the micro manipulator is a challenging problem because of the actuation principle, which is based on piezo-actuators with inherent nonlinear behavior. The major nonlinearities in the manipulator are identified
The effects of charge overlap, or charge penetration, are neglected in most force fields and interaction terms in QM/MM methods. The effects are however significant at intermolecular distances near the van der Waals minimum. In the present study, we propose a method to evaluate the intermolecular Coloumb interaction using Slater-type functions, thus explicitly modeling the charge overlap. The comp
Bodnar and Schmid (2008) derived the distribution of the global minimum variance portfolio weights and obtained the distribution of the test statistics for the general linear hypothesis. Their results are obtained in the case when the number of observations n is bigger or equal than the size of portfolio k. In the present paper, we extend the result by analyzing the portfolio weights in a small sa
BACKGROUND: Intense exercise has been reported as one risk factor for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate (1) whether this is true for both former impact and nonimpact athletes, (2) if the risk of a hip or knee arthroplasty due to OA is higher than expected, and (3) if joint deterioration is associated with knee injuries. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evi
We report on large-scale ab initio multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) calculations for spectral lines of Si IX, with emphasis on the forbidden transitions 2p(2) P-3(J-->J'). The J = 0 --> J' = 1 transition at 3.9346 mu m holds promise as a diagnostic of coronal magnetic fields if and when future coronagraphic instruments can measure the polarized light at this wavelength.
Risk assessment studies addressing effects of agrochemicals on bumblebees frequently use microcolonies. These are queenless colonies consisting of workers only in which typically one worker will lay unfertilized male-destined eggs. In the first tier of risk assessment for bees, short-term laboratory experiments (e.g. microcolonies) are used, the results of which will determine whether higher tier
Svensk hälso- och sjukvård står inför stora utmaningar rörande kommunikation med patienter. En del av dessa utmaningar är kopplade till situationer där patienter, såsom asylsökande eller papperslösa, inte själva behärskar svenska språket. Användning av tolktjänster kan vara nödvändigt i sådana situationer. I denna artikel undersöks vårdgivarens och vårdpersonalens skyldigheter i tre situationer, n
A mobile stroke unit (MSU) is an ambulance, where stroke patients can be diagnosed and treated. Recently, placement of MSUs has been studied focusing on either maximum population coverage or equal service for all patients, termed efficiency and equity, respectively. In this study, we propose an unconstrained optimization model for the placement of MSUs, designed to introduce a tradeoff between eff
Background: Novel technical solutions are called for to promote home-based exercise among community-dwelling stroke survivors supported by their caregivers. Lack of resources and knowledge about how to accomplish it, has been demonstrated. The objective of this study is to describe in detail the development of ActivABLES, a technical intervention to promote home-based exercise and physical activit
The testis is a radiosensitive tissue. It contains a large number of lobules, which in turn are composed of convoluted seminiferous tubules. The epithelium inside each tubule consists of a complex mosaic of supporting cells and germ cells of different sizes and degrees of maturation. These cells are known to have diverse sensitivity to radiation, those with the highest sensitivity being the sperma
Automated classification of ECG patterns is facilitated by careful selection of waveform features. This paper presents a method for evaluating the properties of features that describe the shape of a QRS complex. By examining the distances in the feature space for a class of nearly similar complexes, shape transitions which are poorly described by the feature under investigation can be readily iden
