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Objective: Transitions in the spectrum of valvular heart diseases (VHDs) in developed countries over the 20th century have been reported from clinical case series, but large, contemporary population-based studies are lacking.Methods: We used nationwide registers to identify all patients with a first diagnosis of VHD at Swedish hospitals between 2003 and 2010. Age-stratified and sex-stratified inci
It is unclear whether genetic markers interact with risk factors to influence atrial fibrillation (AF) risk. We performed genome-wide interaction analyses between genetic variants and age, sex, hypertension, and body mass index in the AFGen Consortium. Study-specific results were combined using meta-analysis (88,383 individuals of European descent, including 7,292 with AF). Variants with nominal i
Aims: ST-depression at 24hECG has not been studied in relation to atrial fibrillation (AF) risk. We aimed to determine whether ST-depression at 24hECG was associated with incident AF in two Swedish population-based cohorts - a sub-cohort of the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS), and the cohort 'Men born in 1914', and to determine whether 24hECG could be used to predict AF development.Methods and
Background: Despite its well-established positive effects, exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (exCR) is underused in patients following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with non-Attendance at exCR in patients post-AMI in a large Swedish cohort. Methods: A total of 31,297 patients who have suffered an AMI, mean age 62.4 ± 4 years, were
The COVID-19 pandemic caught the world largely unprepared, including scientific and policy communities. On April 10-13, 2022, researchers across academia, industry, government, and nonprofit organizations met at the Keystone symposium "Lessons from the Pandemic: Responding to Emerging Zoonotic Viral Diseases" to discuss the successes and challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic and what lessons can be
α-Synuclein is a synaptic protein that accumulates primarily in synucleinopathies and secondarily in certain lysosomal storage disorders. However, its physiological roles in health and disease are not fully understood. In part, this has been hampered by the inability to visualize α-synuclein and its cellular localization, due to the lack of specific antibodies and faithful reporters. Here, we used
Multi-wavelength thermo-optical analysis (MW-TOA) and Raman spectroscopy are commonly used methods to study soot sampled on filters, in terms of carbon content, nanostructure, and absorption properties. In this work, these techniques were combined to study how these characteristic properties of soot change in premixed flames, 1) at various flame heights during soot maturation and 2) as a result of
The growing complexity of urban energy systems, climate uncertainties, and geopolitical disruptions highlight the need for energy flexibility and smart management. Recent developments in smart buildings enable real-time adaptability and collective energy behavior through the deployment of Reinforcement Learning (RL), which optimizes energy use, integrates distributed resources, and enhances demand
Carbon Black (CB), graphene, and nanodiamonds represent three classes of manufactured carbonaceous nanoparticles consisting almost exclusively of insoluble material. Particle-related Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) have been linked to in vivo and in vitro toxicity and determining particle ROS activity is an efficient way of estimating nanomaterial toxicity and assist in the safe-by-design developmen
Background Limited information is available regarding genetic contributions to valvular calcification, which is an important precursor of clinical valve disease. Methods We determined genomewide associations with the presence of aortic-valve calcification (among 6942 participants) and mitral annular calcification (among 3795 participants), as detected by computed tomographic (CT) scanning; the stu
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund: Öroninflammation är vanligt förekommande i barnaåren. De flesta barn har haft minst en episod med akut varig öroninflammation (AOM) och/eller en period med vätska i mellanörat (SOM) före skolstart. De flesta får enstaka episoder, frekvensen av AOM avtar i 2-års åldern och frekvensen av SOM avtar före skolstart. Efter en AOM episod är det vanligt att man under Objective: Most preschool children have suffered from at least one episode of acute otitis media (AOM) and/or secretory otitis media (SOM). Some children have frequent AOM episodes and/or prolonged and recurrent episodes of secretory otitis media (SOM). The long-term out-come and sequelae are not fully clarified. Subjects and methods: Out of a birth cohort followed to the age of 3 years, 12 child
Cholecystokinin (CCK-) positive basket cells form a distinct class of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons, proposed to act as fine-tuning devices of hippocampal gamma-frequency (30-90 Hz) oscillations, which can convert into higher frequency seizure activity. Therefore, CCK-basket cells may play an important role in regulation of hyper-excitability and seizures in the hippocampus. In normal conditio
Massive expansion of erythroid progenitor cells is essential for surviving anemic stress. Research towards understanding this critical process, referred to as stress-erythropoiesis, has been hampered due to the lack of specific marker-combinations enabling analysis of the distinct stress-progenitor cells capable of providing radioprotection and enhanced red blood cell production. Here we present a
Importance: Aortic stenosis (AS) has no approved medical treatment. Identifying etiological pathways for AS could identify pharmacological targets. Objective: To identify novel genetic loci and pathways associated with AS. Design, Setting, and Participants: This genome-wide association study used a case-control design to evaluate 44703 participants (3469 cases of AS) of self-reported European ance
BACKGROUND: Chronic low-grade inflammation may play a role in the pathophysiology of depression, at least in a subset of patients. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been used to define an inflamed subgroup of depression with specific clinical characteristics and symptoms. In this study we investigated biochemical and clinical characteristics in patients with difficult-to-treat depre
Hematopoiesis is regulated by the bone marrow (BM) stroma. However, cellular identities and functions of the different BM stromal elements in humans remain poorly defined. Based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), we systematically characterized the human non-hematopoietic BM stromal compartment and we investigated stromal cell regulation principles based on the RNA velocity analysis using s
Monoclonal antibody solutions are set to become a major therapeutic tool in the years to come, capable of targeting various diseases by clever design of their antigen binding site. However, the formulation of stable solutions suitable for patient self-administration typically presents challenges, as a result of the increase in viscosity that often occurs at high concentrations. Here, we establish
This longitudinal study examined the relationship between flexibility-activity and blood-pressure (BP) change among older adults in Japan. Our study included 452 older adults who took part in our survey in both 2012/2013 and 2017/2018. The seated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured both at baseline and at the 5 years follow-up. The frequencies of the different physic
This study explores the coating of photocatalytic nanoparticles with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) for boosted antimicrobial effects, and how such effects depend on AMP properties. For this, TiO2 nanoparticles are coated with the AMP KYE21 or its hydrophobically enhanced variant WWWKYE21. Mirroring effects of free peptides, coated nanoparticles displayed higher binding and UV-induced degradation f
