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Clusters, nanoparticles, nanowires, long molecules as nanotubes and polynucleotides, and functional supramolecular nanostructures are currently considered as potential building blocks for nanotechnology and nanoelectronic devices and circuits, and development and introduction of new methods to control effectively their structure, composition and nanoscale organization are necessary. Here we descri
Using an 11-year panel of 156 Norwegian and Swedish patients with severe haemophilia, and including retrospective case-book data from birth, we compared the differences in the haemophilia-related resource use between on-demand and prophylactic treatment. Patients treated on-demand had more surgery (arthrodeses, prostheses implantations and synovectomies) and more days lost from work. Median annual
BACKGROUND: Reports of esophageal anastomotic complications often involve more gastric than colonic reconstructions and are incomplete because of fragmented followup by physicians unfamiliar with the surgical procedure. STUDY DESIGN: Three hundred ninety-three consecutive esophagectomy patients had prevalence and risk factors determined for graft ischemia and anastomotic leak; 363 of these patient
The microarray technology has revolutionized biological research in the last decade. By monitoring the expression of many genes simultaneously, microarrays can elucidate gene function, as well as scan entire genomes for candidate genes encoding complex traits. However, because of high costs of sequencing and design, microarrays have largely been restricted to a few model species. Cross-species mic
Pheromone-based monitoring is a promising new method for assessing the conservation status of many threatened insect species. We examined the versatility and usefulness of pheromone-based monitoring by integrating a pheromone–kairomone trapping system and pitfall trapping system in the monitoring of two saproxylic beetles, the hermit beetle Osmoderma eremita (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and its pred
Background: Multimorbidity and illness will become more common due to increased life expectancy. Purpose: This study describes various combinations of diseases and symptoms and explores implications for survival in a sample of 80 year-olds followed up to 95 years of age. Furthermore, reported subjective health, coping, and life satisfaction is explored. Method: 212 persons, born in 1908, were cl
This article represents the proceedings of a symposium presented at the 12th Congress of the International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism held in Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany, on September 30, 2004. The organizers and cochairs were Bankole A. Johnson, DSc, MD, PhD, and Karl Mann, MD. The presentations included the following: (1) A Perspective from Academia, by Bankole A. Johnson, DS
Extreme values of non-linear functions of multivariate Gaussian processes are of considerable interest in engineering sciences dealing with the safety of structures. One then seeks the survival probability P{(X1(t),⋯ ,Xn(t))∈ S, all t∈ [0,T]}, where X(t)=(X1(t),⋯ ,Xn(t)) is a stationary, multivariate Gaussian load process, and S is a safe region. In general, the asymptotic survival probability for
This paper presents a novel strategy for aligning patterns created with nano-imprint lithography (NIL) and UV lithography, similar to a mix-and-match process, which allows for the fabrication of large and small features in a single layer of resist. The resin used to demonstrate this new imprinting scheme is SU-8, a very widely used negative photoresist. Rapid stamp manufacturing using ma-N 2405 ph
This paper reports a multi-block unstructured method for incompressible flows and the performance comparison with a multi-block structured method. The unstructured collocated grid is composed of arbitrary cell shapes. Pressure and velocity are stored at cell centres; Rhie and Chow interpolation is used to prevent checker boarding. The SIMPLE algorithm is used for pressure-velocity coupling. The co
We developed a simple one-step dual-label immunoassay for simultaneous measurement of the free, noncomplexed form of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and total PSA. The assay is based on time-resolved fluorescence and includes a stable fluorescent chelate of Eu to label a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that detects only free PSA, whereas a second mAb labeled with a fluorescent chelate of Tb provides equ
Economic optimization of the production of ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) requires knowledge about the influence of substrate and enzyme concentration on yield and productivity. Although SSF has been investigated extensively, the optimal conditions for SSF of softwoods have yet not been determined. In this study, SO2-impregnated and steam-pretreated spruce was used
RFID (radio frequency identification) technology is developing at a rapid pace. During the last few years, it has been widely discussed in logistics research, as well as in other scientific fields which also approach and contribute to the development of RFID technology. In both logistics and related fields there are findings regarding RFID technology which influence logistics. However, an overall
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This paper reports the implementation of the SIMIND Monte Carlo code on an IBM SP2 distributed memory parallel computer. Basic aspects of running Monte Carlo particle transport calculations on parallel architectures are described. Our parallelization is based on equally partitioning photons among the processors and uses the Message Passing Interface (MPI) library for interprocessor communication a
The Integrated Deposition Model (IDEM) was improved by incorporating a novel multilayer biochemical dry deposition module for gases. The aerosol and base cation deposition module was adopted from IDEM. For evaluation of primary and ecosystem productivity, carbon respiration schemes were included. The resulting Framework for Atmosphere- Canopy Exchange Modelling (FACEM) was then evaluated by the ca
The development of chronic bronchitis (CB) and chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD) seems to be related to inflammatory changes of airway structure. However, the cause and the exact location and type of these changes resulting in altered airway function are not known. Mucosal inflammation is characterized by the recruitment of granulocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes as well as by the sheddi
