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Importance: Excess alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are associated with substantially increased mortality. Efforts to reduce this toll require an understanding of their causes. Objective: To clarify the degree to which the excess mortality associated with AUDs arises (1) from the predispositions of the person who develops AUD (and which would likely be shared by close relatives

Background The familial risks of heart failure (HF) remain largely undetermined. This nationwide follow-up study aimed at determining risk of hospitalization for HF conferred by affected siblings. Methods and results Swedish Multi-generation Register data, with records of at least one full sibling available at start of follow-up, were linked to the Hospital Discharge Register data for 1987–2010. T

Background: Policy implementation in the context of health systems is generally difficult and the Kenyan health sector situation is not an exception. In 2005, a new health sector strategic plan that outlines the vision and the policy direction of the health sector was launched and during the same year the health sector was allocated a substantial budget increment. On basis of these indications of

Objective. Our aim was to study the risk of a first ischaemic stroke (IS) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) treated in primary healthcare. Design. The study population included all adults (n = 11,517), 45 years and older diagnosed with AF, from 75 primary care centres in Sweden between 2001 and 2007. IS was defined as a hospital care event of stroke between 2001 and 2010. Association betwe

Infectious etiologies have been hypothesized for acute leukemias because of their high incidence in early childhood, but have seldom been examined for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We conducted the first large cohort study to examine perinatal factors including season of birth, a proxy for perinatal infectious exposures, and risk of AML in childhood through young adulthood. A national cohort of 3,

Cigarette smoking is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the association between alcohol consumption and ALS is not clear. Our aim was to clarify this using a national cohort study design in Sweden.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) predisposes to drug abuse (DA) and twin studies suggest shared genetic effects. We here seek to determine, using adoption and adoption-like samples, the magnitude of the cross-generational transmission from DA in parents to ADHD in their children and clarify the degree to which this arises from genetic v. rearing effects.

Background Individual-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is in short supply and expensive. Aims The aim of this randomised controlled trial (RCT) was to compare mindfulness-based group therapy with treatment as usual (primarily individual-based CBT) in primary care patients with depressive, anxiety or stress and adjustment disorders. Method This 8-week RCT (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT0147637

Genetic variants associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (PEC/EC). This nationwide study aimed to determine whether VTE shares familial susceptibility with PEC/EC.

Along with the increasing incidence and favorable prognosis, more women diagnosed with endometrial cancer may develop second primary cancers (SPCs). We aimed at investigating risk of SPCs after endometrial cancer in Germany and Sweden to provide insight into prevention strategies for SPCs. Endometrial cancer patients diagnosed at age ≥15 years in Germany during 1997–2011 and in Sweden nationwide d

Levothyroxine has been suggested to be cardiotoxic, but previous studies on the risk of cardiovascular events associated with levothyroxine treatment have been inconclusive. We aimed to study the association between levothyroxine treatment and all-cause mortality as well as cardiovascular events. Study population included all adults (n = 12,283) ≥ 45 years diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF) a

Values and opinions about what is valuable, are of centralimportance in risk and vulnerability analyses. Yet what is considered valuableis seldom explicitly established. The aim of this study is to explore what groupsof civil servants express as valuable and worth protecting when performing riskand vulnerability analyses in their organisations and to discuss the underlyingreasons for their stipula

There has been an increased focus in society on preparedness for emergency response in recent years. Today there is legislation that requires all Swedish authorities at the local, regional and national levels to prepare for emergency management and response. Since the task is rather new, most authorities are just beginning to address it. How the preparedness process should be designed and integrat

This paper includes a brief description of some closely related ongoing research activities aiming at learning from failures in order to improve the resilience of the Swedish railway system. One of these activities includes the development of a method aiming at assessing the capability for restoring the service of the railway system after strains affecting its technical, and often highly interdepe