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Due to the large amount of accidents negatively affecting the wellbeing of the survivors and their families, a substantial amount of research is conducted to determine the causes of road accidents. This type of data come in the form of non-negative integers and may be modelled using the Poisson regression model. Unfortunately, the commonly used maximum likelihood estimator is unstable when the exp
Background and objective: Guideline recommendations regarding early management of grade group (GG) 2 prostate cancer with confirmatory biopsy (cBx) are not well established. Our aim was to determine which patients with GG 2 cancer should undergo cBx before treatment decision-making by evaluating the probability of downgrading to GG 1 or no cancer on cBx. Methods: This was a single-institution retr
BACKGROUND: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a commonly occurring neurodevelopmental disorder associated with impairments in numerous aspects of functioning and quality of life. There is a growing recognition that brief and effective psychosocial interventions are needed for youth with ADHD.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and preliminary effectivene
Background: Adjusting medication for uncontrolled asthma involves selecting one of several options from the same or a higher treatment step outlined in asthma guidelines. We examined the relative benefit of introducing budesonide/formoterol (BUD/FORM) maintenance and reliever therapy (Symbicort SMART (R) Turbuhaler (R)) in patients previously prescribed treatments from Global Initiative for Asthma
Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common cause of pain, weakness, sensory loss, and activity limitations. Currently, the most common initial treatment is use of a rigid splint immobilizing the wrist, usually during night-Time, for several weeks. Evidence regarding the efficacy and effect durability of wrist splinting is weak. The treatment is associated with costs and may cause discomf
BACKGROUND/AIM: Diagnostic efficacy, defined as the percentage of rectal suction biopsy (RSB) specimens sufficient enough to determine the absence of ganglia cells in Hirschsprung's disease (HD) diagnosis, has been reported to be low, requiring repeated biopsies. The aim was to explore whether RSB diagnostic efficacy was influenced by the child's weight and to ascertain whether RSB efficacy differ
One of the major challenges in analytical chemistry is to find techniques and methods for determinations of low abundance compounds in complex sample matrices. This thesis describes the development of new miniaturised analytical techniques comprising capillary electroseparation combined with mass spectrometric detection. The techniques are rapid, sensitive, efficient, and suitable even for analyte
Popular Abstract in English Animal flight has always intrigued people, and different aspects of animal flight have therefore widely been studied by biologists, physicists and engineers. At least to me, the aspect concerning the aerodynamics of animal flight in particular is very interesting because of the complex temporal varying wake dynamics as a result of continually wing morphing in flapping fThe efficiency and performance of a flying animal is directly related to the aerodynamics around its body and flapping wings. Here, I have developed methods for quantifying the wake dynamics around a flying animal. The results are used to estimate the aerodynamic performance of flapping flight. Using these methods, I have studied flight of the Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca), the Pallas’ Long
We study two-sided ("marriage") and general pairing ("roommate") problems. We introduce "sequences," lists of matchings that are repeated in order. Stable sequences are natural extensions of stable matchings; case in point, we show that a sequence of stable matchings is stable. In addition, stable sequences can provide solutions to problems for which stable matchings do not exist. In a sense, they
Two different sensitive microtitre-plate based enzyme immunoassays were developed and evaluated for determination of the model drug compound, budesonide, in blood plasma. In the first approach, high sensitivity was obtained by using amperometric detection in a flow injection system for determination of the enzyme product p-aminophenol. The high sensitivity in the second approach was obtained using
Thrombolysis is a common treatment for acute leg ischaemia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different thrombolytic treatment strategies, and risk factors for complications.
A rising global population and demand for protein-rich diets are increasing pressure to maximize agricultural productivity. Rising atmospheric [CO2] is altering global temperature and precipitation patterns, which challenges agricultural productivity. While rising [CO2] provides a unique opportunity to increase the productivity of C-3 crops, average yield stimulation observed to date is well below
We investigate a class of discrete distributions generated by expanding a parametric function in a Lagrange series. There is a close relationship to the class of generalized Poisson distributions, and special cases of our class of distributions arise in the context of random mapping theory. Unbiased estimation is discussed and the results are applied to inference problems in connection with two ra
Cobalamin/folate deficiency is common in elderly subjects and may lead to psychiatric symptoms, but even more often it increases the severity of other organic and non-organic mental diseases. This paper reviews the literature relevant for markers of cobalamin/folate status and their relation to neuropsychiatric symptoms in the elderly. Plasma homocysteine, a marker of cobalamin/folate status, is f
A new mechanistic model of drug release during the lag phase from coated pellets undergoing cracking in the coating due to the hydrostatic pressure built up inside the pellet has been developed. The model describes dynamically all the main release processes occurring during the lag phase in pellets coated with a semi-permeable membrane, i.e. the influx of solvent driven by the difference in osmoti
