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Background: Migration is important for the metastatic capacity and thus for the malignancy of cancer cells. There is limited knowledge on regulatory factors that promote the migration of neuroblastoma cells. This study investigates the hypothesis that protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms regulate neuroblastoma cell motility. Methods: PKC isoforms were downregulated with siRNA or modulated with activato

Rural depopulation is a concern in many countries, and various policy initiatives have been taken to combat such trends. This article examines whether hidden potential for rural population growth can be found in Sweden. If such potential exists, it implies that the development prospects for many rural areas are not as unpromising as they may seem today. If not, rapid rural depopulation can be expe

In osteoblasts, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is the major isozyme responsible for production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are local mediators of bone resorption and formation and are known to be involved in bone's adaptive response to fluid shear stress (FSS). We have previously described a model of trabecular bone loss in hindlimb-suspended mice and rats and demonstrated partial protection from

The lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) enzymes boost polysaccharide depolymerization through oxidative chemistry, which has fueled the hope for more energy-efficient production of biofuel. We have recently proposed a mechanism for the oxidation of the polysaccharide substrate (E. D. Hedegård and U. Ryde, Chem. Sci., 2018, 9, 3866-3880). In this mechanism, intermediates with superoxide, oxyl

The Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) is recurrently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia. Mutations and high expression of WT1 associate with a poor prognosis. In mice, WT1 cooperates with the RUNX1/RUNX1T1 (AML1/ETO) fusion gene in the induction of acute leukemia, further emphasizing a role for WT1 in leukemia development. Molecular mechanisms for WT1 are, however, incompletely understood. Here, we identif

In this thesis we focus on improvements of the description of the electron-electron correlation effects in nonequilibrium nanosystems. We mainly focus on developments of two nonequilibrium methods, namely the formalism of Nonequilibrium Green’s Function and Time Dependent Density Functional Theory and we explore the possibility to improve existing approximations in these theories. A smaller part o

Clinical islet transplantation is currently being explored as a treatment for persons with type 1 diabetes and hypoglycaemia unawareness. Although 'proof-of-principle' has been established in recent clinical studies, the procedure suffers from low efficacy. At the time of transplantation, the isolated islets are allowed to embolise the liver after injection in the portal vein, a procedure that is

Recent developments in rotational CARS thermometry and critical issues when comparing vibrational and rotational CARS thermometry are described. In particular, the development of dual broadband rotational CARS and the noise characteristics of this approach are emphasized. The difficulty with unambiguous temperature determination in vibrational CARS with unknown parameters, in particular the nonres

Many experiments have shown that loss of biodiversity reduces the capacity of ecosystems to provide the multiple services on which humans depend. However, experiments necessarily simplify the complexity of natural ecosystems and will normally control for other important drivers of ecosystem functioning, such as the environment or land use. In addition, existing studies typically focus on the diver

Policies to reduce household energy use usually target the individual customer. This is probably one explanation for the limited effect of many information policies, because two concepts with different meanings are confused: individual and household. In most contexts, an individual stands for what s/he does, but in the policy context, an individual is taken to represent the entire household. This

Using a dislocation simulation approach, the basic equation for a crack perpendicular to a bimaterial interface is formulated in this paper. A novel expansion method is proposed for solving the problem. The complete solution for the problem, including the T stress ahead of the crack tip and the stress intensity factors are presented. The stress field characteristics are analyzed in detail. It is f

The article traces the Lundagård rune-stone on its road in Lund – from its origin as a part of a Viking Age monument probably at Helgonabacken, its reuse at the All Saints monastery, where it was rediscovered in 1682, to the park Lundagård in the 1740s, its reuse in a memorial in the old Botanical Garden in 1868 to its location in the university library since 1957. The movements are perceived as a

Objective. Non-neuronal acetylcholine (ACh) has been suggested to be a mediator for the development of various types of cancer. We analyzed a possible role for this molecule in carcinogenesis and/or progression of human colon cancer, in patient biopsies harvested from the colon during surgery. We addressed whether ACh synthesis (by choline acetyltransferase) and/or degradation (by ACh esterase), a

A 1-m normal-incidence monochromator has been designed and installed on a bending-magnet beam line at the MAX storage ring in Lund. The optical properties of the beam line have been investigated via ray-tracing studies and with flux measurements of the beam line-monochromator combination. A resolution of 0.9 Å at 919.8 Å was measured in first-order diffraction with an argon hollow-cathode lamp for