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Private actions for damages for competition law infringements has been a fiercely discussed topic in the European Union for more than a decade now. It was the famous Courage v. Crehan judgment from 2001, where the Court of Justice for the first time expressly stated that ‘any individual’ has the right to claim damages for a breach of EU competition law. Following the Green Paper in 2005, in 2008 t
Issue of study: A forecasted increase in energy demand and consumption, together with a decrease of existing oil and gas reserves, has led the oil and gas producers to new areas beyond the conventional oil and gas regions. The Arctic, an area mainly located north of the Arctic Circle, is believed to hold very large potential of the world’s yet-to-be discovered oil and gas reserves. In addition, th
A study of heavy metals in surface and groundwater was conducted in Poopó and Antequera River basins in Bolivia. Problems with high levels of heavy metals in waters on the Bolivian high plateau have been known for many years and are to a great extent the cause of the mining industry in the region. In this study, ten sampling sites of surface waters and twelve observation wells monitoring the groun
We explore whether an investment in corporate social responsibility (CSR) is value creating for a firm’s shareholders. We start by establishing a relationship between CSR, corporate reputation and shareholder value. Assuming that membership in a recognized sustainability index signals a commitment to CSR to shareholders and potential investors, we explore both the short-term and intermediary impac
In today’s globalized and complex world there is a need for openness to the kind of learning which is incorporated with the individual’s process of change. There is an increased awareness to the importance of engaging the whole person with cognitive, affective and experiential elements rather than one part in learning situations. This qualitative study from an ethnographic approach explores and pr
The essay estimates the relation between population size and municipal costs. Whether the efficiency in service provision in municipalities is depending on population size is discussed in Sweden as well as other countries. The relation is measured using two measures for total costs and two measures for “fixed costs” associated with having an additional decision level. The result give some support
The paper investigates the relationship between population changes and public spending. The main interest is hereby whether local governments can adjust their public spending in times of population decline. A Swedish case study is conducted on all 290 municipalities in regard to their comprehensive school expenses between 2005 and 2013. The theoretical framework incorporates economies of scale and
The Philippines is an island nation in South East Asia consisting of more than 7 000 separate islands. The Philippines is the country in the world that is most often struck by tropical storm; every year between 6 and 9 typhoons hit land in the Philippines. In November 2013 the super typhoon Haiyan hit the nation, killing 10 000 people and causing massive destruction to parts of the infrastructure
This thesis investigates the perceptions of people within the education sector in Lund Municipality regarding sustainability implications of the use of information and communications technology (ICT) in schools. It demonstrates how local perceptions are largely affected by powerful global neoliberal forces. The study is based on a critical discourse analysis of policy documents and interviews with
In this study I will assess sources and effects of short-term environmental changes on the sedimentary organic matter in Gullmar Fjord. To achieve this, a high resolution sediment core (sedimentation rate 0.7 cm yr -1) was retrieved from the deepest part in the fjord and analyzed with multiple geochemical methods, targeting bulk organic matter and biomarker composition. The distribution of n-alkan
Den första delen av arbetet gick ut på att ta fram och utvärdera en behandlingsmetod som kan användas för att på ett kontrollerbart sätt minska den specifika ytan på amorf silika med hög porositet. Den specifika ytan är en viktig egenskap för amorf silika när det kommer till dess applikationer som absorptions- och adsorptionsmaterial. Parametrarna som studerades var pordiameter, partikelstorlek, tA treatment method that can be used to controllably reduce the specific surface of amorphous silica with high porosity has been developed. The specific surface of amorphous silica is important for its adsorption and absorption applications. The parameters that were studied were the pore diameter, the particle size, the time of treatment, the temperature and the silica concentration. The reduction
The ecosystems of the Baltic Sea are under severe pressure, threating the long-term prosperity of the region and human wellbeing. New marine management approaches need to be tested and developed. Valuation of ecosystem services in the process of ecosystem-based marine spatial planning in the Baltic Sea region could be useful in improving communication between stakeholders, as well as, the evaluati
Could an even larger push for women empowerment be a viable development strategy for developing countries? A large literature relates the bargaining power of women to improved health and education of their children (Majlesi, 2015; Qian, 2008; Bobonis, 2009; Duflo, 2003; Lundberg, Pollak and Wales, 1997). However, it remains a challenge to find a good proxy for bargaining power that truly reflects
Safe water is a widespread problem in developing countries. In 2004 The United Nations formed the Lake Victoria Region Water and Sanitation Initiative, which focuses on increasing the water quality and basic sanitation in both rural- and urban areas. The government of Uganda is a part of the initiative, since the quality of the drinking water in the country persists to be a widespread problem. In
Mikroskopiska echinodermfossil har undersökts ur prover från täljstensintervallet och intillig-gande delar av ’lanna’- och ’holenkalkstenen’ i Hällekis stenbrott, Västergötland. Den undersökta sektionen är från översta volkhov och mellersta kunda, darriwilian (mellanordovicium). Tidigare studier har konkluderat att en regression/transgression skedde under den undersökta perioden, vilket bekräftas Microscopic echinoderms were studied in acid-insoluble residues from the Lanna and Holen limestones at Hällekis, Västergötland, Sweden. The section studied spans the uppermost Volkhov and lower–middle Kunda Baltoscandian stages, within the Darriwillian global Stage (Middle Ordovician). The echinoderms show an increase in abundance, accompanying falling sea levels during the well-recognized regress
The purpose behind this study is to explore and explain the role of fear arousal when combined with the concept of customer satisfaction and retention in one marketing strategy. The major theories applied are the concept of fear appeals and the concept of customer satisfaction & customer retention. We chose to conduct our research through an ethnographic case study of KM. We did a qualitative
En sammanfattning av uppsatsen på maximalt 8000 tecken. The purpose of this study was to analyse if there are in-store consumer behaviour differences between the consumers that use ASF and the consumers that not use ASF in store. More precisely this study had two objectives. The first objective was to create a conceptual model depicting the various behavioural effects that the use of ASF may resul
This thesis is an analysis of contemporary Manga Culture in Japan and Sweden. The objective of the study was to identify the potential and problems for Manga culture and its future in the international market. Also I try to examine the potential of Manga to establish its academic status. This research will be based on the analysis of the transition and features of Manga related with Japanese cultu
Although there are many technological solutions and policy approaches for transitioning to a fossil-free society, effective action is still lacking. We need a new way to address the issue, one that inspires and attracts the widest possible group of society. Against this background, the aim of this paper is to explore citizens' political agency in influencing transport policy, and the inner and out
