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The climate of West Africa is expected to become more arid due to increased temperature and uncertain rainfall regimes, while its population is expected to grow faster than the rest of the world. As such, increased demand for food will likely coincide with declines in agricultural production in a region where severe undernutrition already occurs. Here, we attempt to discriminate between the impact
Agricultural intensification is one of the main causes for the current biodiversity crisis. While reversing habitat loss on agricultural land is challenging, increasing the farmland configurational heterogeneity (higher field border density) and farmland compositional heterogeneity (higher crop diversity) has been proposed to counteract some habitat loss. Here, we tested whether increased farmland
In recent years, the data science and remote sensing communities have started to align due to user-friendly programming tools, access to high-end consumer computing power, and the availability of free satellite data. In particular, publicly available data from the European Space Agency’s Sentinel missions have been used in various remote sensing applications. However, there is a lack of studies th
The idea that noncrop habitat enhances pest control and represents a win–win opportunity to conserve biodiversity and bolster yields has emerged as an agroecological paradigm. However, while noncrop habitat in landscapes surrounding farms sometimes benefits pest predators, natural enemy responses remain heterogeneous across studies and effects on pests are inconclusive. The observed heterogeneity
Purpose: The purpose of this concept study was to investigate the possibility of automatic mean arterial pressure (MAP) regulation in a porcine heart-beating brain death (BD) model. Hemodynamic stability of BD donors is necessary for maintaining acceptable quality of donated organs for transplantation. Manual stabilization is challenging, due to the lack of vasomotor function in BD donors. Closed-
Type III protein S deficiency is characterized by a low plasma level of free protein S, whereas the total concentration of protein S is normal. In contrast, both free and total protein S levels are low in type I deficiency. To elucidate the molecular mechanism behind the selective deficiency of free protein S in type III deficiency, the relationship between the plasma concentrations of β-chain con
Leaf area index (LAI) is a key ecological indicator for describing the structure of canopies and for modelling energy exchange between atmosphere and biosphere. While LAI of the forest overstory can be accurately assessed over large spatial scales via remote sensing, LAI of the forest understory (LAIu) is still largely ignored in ecological studies and ecosystem modelling due to the fact that it i
Are there indications for the neoliberal hegemony in economy and society to come to an end? Are people already imagining a future within environmental limits and beyond the growth imperative? Theoretically, building upon Marx and Bourdieu, we reconstruct the ideological impact that capitalism, in general, and neoliberalism, in particular, has on the ways we think, feel and make sense of our enviro
Background: Optimisation of dopaminergic therapy may alleviate fluctuation-related pain in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Opicapone (OPC) is a third-generation, once-daily catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor shown to be generally well tolerated and efficacious in reducing OFF-time in two pivotal trials in patients with PD and end-of-dose motor fluctuations. The OpiCapone Effect on motor fluctuations
This is a comment on Michaelian and Simeonov (2015). Michaelian and Simeonov formulate the leading thought in their article: “The driving force behind the origin and evolution of life has been the thermodynamic imperative of increasing the entropy production of the biosphere through increasing the global solar photon dissipation rate”. I shall in the following try to provide some information that
Northern forest soils are a major carbon (C) reservoir of global importance. To estimate how the C balance in these soils will change, the roles of tree roots and soil microbes in C balance should first be decoupled. This study determined how the activity of heterotrophs and tree roots together with root-associated microbes in the rhizosphere varies in coniferous forest soils in boreal, hemiboreal
Accumulation of damaged or misfolded proteins resulted from oxidative protein modification induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by activating the pathways of unfolded protein response. In pathologic hemolytic conditions, extracellular free hemoglobin is submitted to rapid oxidation causing heme release. Resident cells of atherosclerotic lesions, after intraplaque hemorrhage, are exposed to he
Purpose: It has previously been shown that continuous intratracheal insufflation of oxygen (CIO) is superior to intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) regarding gas exchange and haemodynamics. The purpose of this study was to investigate gas exchanged and haemodynamics with a new technique of phase-controlled intermittent insufflation of oxygen (PIIO) compared to CIO. Method: Twenty (20
Over the last century, many women have contributed to the field of control engineering. Nevertheless, women are generally in the minority. This article highlights the contribution of women since the inception of control engineering to highlight good exemples to coming generations. A repository of portraits of women in control engineering is currently being curated and made available through the un
For patients with epilepsy, automatic epilepsy monitoring, i.e., the process of direct observation of the patient’s health status in real time, is crucial. Wearable systems provide the possibility of real-time epilepsy monitoring and alerting caregivers upon the occurrence of a seizure. In the context of the ICASSP 2023 Seizure Detection Challenge, we pro- pose a lightweight machine-learning frame
We investigated whether sign-naïve learners can infer and learn the meaning of signs after minimal exposure to continuous, naturalistic input in the form of a weather forecast in Swedish Sign Language. Participants were L1-English adults. Two experimental groups watched the forecast once (N=40) or twice (N=42); a control group did not (N=42). Participants were then asked to assign meaning to 22 ta
Manual gestures and speech form a single integrated system during nativelanguage comprehension. However, it remains unclear whether this hold forsecond language (L2) comprehension, more specifically for simultaneousinterpreting (SI), which involves comprehension in one language and simultaneousproduction in another. In a combined mismatch and priming paradigm,we presented Swedish speakers fluent i
Efficiently finding covariate model structures that minimize the need for random effects to describe pharmacological data is challenging. The standard approach focuses on identification of relevant covariates, and present methodology lacks tools for automatic identification of covariate model structures. Although neural networks could potentially be used to approximate covariate-parameter relation
