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PURPOSE. To determine the cellular consequences of retinal detachment in retinoschisin knockout (Rs1-KO) mice, a model for retinoschisin in humans. METHODS. Experimental retinal detachments (RDs) were induced in the right eyes of both Rs1-KO and wild-type (wt) control mice. Immunocytochemistry was performed on retinal tissue at 1, 7, or 28 days after RD with antibodies to anti-GFAP, -neurofilament
The @b-delayed charged particle emission from 11Li has been studied with emphasis on the three-body n@a6He and five-body 2@a3n channels from the 10.59 and 18.15 MeV states in 11Be. Monte Carlo simulations using an R-matrix formalism lead to the conclusion that the AHe resonance states play a significant role in the break-up of these states. The results exclude an earlier assumption of a phase-spac
The Lamperti transformation of a self-similar process is a stationary process. In particular, the fractional Brownian motion transforms to the second order stationary Gaussian process. This process is represented as a series of independent processes. The terms of this series are Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes if H < 1/2, and linear combinations of two dependent Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes whose two
The anesthetic conserving device (ACD) reduces consumption of volatile anesthetic drug by a conserving medium adsorbing exhaled drug during expiration and releasing it during inspiration. Elevated arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) has been observed in patients using the ACD, despite tidal volume increase to compensate for larger apparatus dead space. In a test lung using room temperature dry gas, this
In most parts of preindustrial Europe, road transport was a crucial part of rural life as it linked the agricultural producers with urban markets. This study focuses on the development of road transport during the agricultural transformation in order to understand its importance in agricultural change. Scania, in southern Sweden, provides the possibility of examining the basic patterns in the road
Viruses can be described as biological objects composed mainly of two parts: a stiff protein shell called a capsid, and a core inside the capsid containing the nucleic acid and liquid. In many double-stranded DNA bacterial viruses (aka phage), the volume ratio between the liquid and the encapsidated DNA is approximately 1:1. Due to the dominant DNA hydration force, water strongly mediates the inte
Small soluble oligomers, as well as dimers in particular, of the amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) are believed to play an important pathological role in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we investigate the spontaneous dimerization of Aβ42, with 42 residues, by implicit solvent all-atom Monte Carlo simulations, for the wild-type peptide and the mutants F20E, E22G and E22G/I31E. The observed dimers of these variants
An ultrastructural study of the intestine of Derocheilocaris typica revealed an organization of the midgut musculature, which is unique in the Crustacea. This species unusual anal skeletomusculature has also not been seen before. The intestinal musculature of D. typica displays different patterns in the fore-, mid-, and hindgut. Around the foregut, eight pairs of dilator muscles complement a conti
Genetic anomalies on the JNK pathway confer susceptibility to autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and intellectual disability. The mechanism whereby a gain or loss of function in JNK signaling predisposes to these prevalent dendrite disorders, with associated motor dysfunction, remains unclear. Here we find that JNK1 regulates the dendritic field of L2/3 and L5 pyramidal neurons of the mouse
Conclusion: PET-CT scans seem to be sufficient to rule out residual tumour at the primary site. Patients with positive or equivocal PET findings should be scheduled for endoscopy with biopsy or a second PET-CT scan. Objectives: Assessment of remission at the primary site, in patients treated with organ preservation therapy with curative intent, is important to identify residual tumours requiring t
A sizable fraction of testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) risk is expected to be explained by heritable factors. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified a number of common SNPs associated with TGCT. It is however, unclear how much common variation there is left to be accounted for by other, yet to be identified, common SNPs and what contribution common genetic var
Excited states in the T-z = -1 nucleus V-44 have been observed for the first time. The states have been identified through recoil-gamma-gamma coincidences and comparison with analogue states in the mirror nucleus Sc-44. Mirror energy differences have been extracted and compared to state-of-the-art fp shell-model calculations which include charge symmetry breaking forces.
The aim of the present study is to cast some light on the realisation of sj- and tj-sounds (/ɧ/ and /ɕ/) in Estonian Swedish. These sounds are said not to occur in this variety of Swedish, or to have a different realisation as compared to Standard Swedish (Lagman, 1979). Our analysis, based on repetitions of elicited words produced by five elderly speakers of Estonian Swedish, shows that sj- and t
We report on magnetotransport measurements of nanoconstricted (Ga, Mn) As devices showing very large resistance changes that can be controlled by both an electric and a magnetic field. Based on the bias voltage and temperature-dependent measurements down to the millikelvin range we compare the models currently used to describe transport through (Ga, Mn) As nanoconstrictions. We provide an explanat
Background: The Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ) was developed in response to the difficulties of observing and quantifying freezing of gait (FOG) clinically as well as in laboratory settings. However, as the FOGQ is a clinician-administered patient-reported rating scale it cannot be used in postal surveys. Here we report the development and measurement properties of a self-administered versi
Efforts by the European Commission and by leading member states, to normatively frame the debate about trade - and thus rhetorically entrap other actors by references to previous commitments - are ubiquitous; and member states do take account of the potential effects of their actions, in terms of potential praise or shaming, and adapt their behaviour to the institutional setting. However, this hol
Low bone volume and changes in bone quality or microarchitecture may predispose individuals to fragility fractures. As the dominant component of the human skeleton, cortical bone plays a key role in protecting bones from fracture. However, histological investigations of the underlying structural changes, which might predispose to fracture, have been largely limited to the cancellous bone. The aim
Resolving fungal and bacterial groups within the microbial decomposer community is thought to capture disparate life strategies for soil microbial decomposers, associating bacteria with an r-selected strategy for carbon (C) and nutrient use, and fungi with a K-selected strategy. Additionally, food-web model-based work has established a widely held belief that the bacterial decomposer pathway in so
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the distribution of the transient receptor potential (TRP) A1 ion channel in the rat urinary bladder, and to study the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) and known TRPA1 activators on micturition in conscious rats and on heterologously expressed ion channels. METHODS: The expression of TRPA1 in urinary bladder was studied with fluorescence immunohistochemistry and real-
