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Popular Abstract in Swedish Det är välkänt att övervikt och fetma är starkt associerade med sjukliga förändringar i hjärtkärlsystemet och ökar risken att drabbas av hjärtkärlsjukdom och förtida död. Trots att viktnedgång hos överviktiga kan leda till en tillbakagång av sjukliga förändringar i hjärta och kärl, har man dock inte klart visat att viktnedgång leder till minskad risk att drabbas av hjärHigh body mass index (BMI) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Obesity is also an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and can cause structural as well as functional changes in the heart. High BMI is associated with increased mortality in the population. Weight-loss from a state of overweight or obesity may

Many studies have supported a genetic etiology for autism. Here we report mutations in two X-linked genes encoding neuroligins NLGN3 and NLGN4 in siblings with autism-spectrum disorders. These mutations affect cell-adhesion molecules localized at the synapse and suggest that a defect of synaptogenesis may predispose to autism.

Breast carcinoma is thought to arise because of multiple successive changes in the genome of the normal epithelial cells. However, little is known of the order of appearance of different types of genetic aberrations We studied the ERBB2 (Her-2/neu) and CCND1 (cyclin D1) oncogene amplification in flow cytometrically sorted diploid and nondiploid tumor cell populations by fluorescence in situ hybrid

Aim: To investigate the association between the use of cellular or cordless telephones and the risk for salivary gland tumours. Methods: Cases were assessed from the six regional cancer registries in Sweden. Four controls matched for sex and age in five year age groups were selected for each case. A total of 293 living cases and 1172 controls were included. Results: There were 267 (91%) participat

Background and aims: The gastric hormone ghrelin has been reported to stimulate food intake, increase weight gain, and cause obesity but its precise physiological role remains unclear. We investigated the long term effects of gastrectomy evoked ghrelin deficiency and of daily ghrelin injections on daily food intake, body weight, fat mass, lean body mass, and bone mass in mice. Methods: Ghrelin wa

The fate of ornithine in the nephron of the female OF-1 Swiss mouse remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to identify the nephron segments containing the key enzymes involved in ornithine metabolism: ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and ornithine aminotransferase (OAT). Viable tubules isolated by microdissection were incubated with [1-14C]ornithine to study the oxidative pathway. Other tu

Background: Sotos syndrome is an overgrowth syndrome characterized by macrocephaly, advanced bone age, characteristic facial features, and learning disabilities, caused by mutations or deletions of the NSD1 gene, located at 5q35. Sotos syndrome has been described in a number of patients with autism spectrum disorders, suggesting that NSD1 could be involved in other cases of autism and macrocephaly

This thesis will describe the clinical phenotypes, with emphasis on electrophysiology, in patients with different hereditary eye diseases and to further evaluate and modify the mfVEP technique for clinical use. Bothnia Dystrophy is a tapetoretinal disorder with a mutation in the RLBP1 gene. Early in the disease the fundus may have a normal appearance. The full-field ERG demonstrates an absence of

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vad betyder egentligen demokratisering för medborgaren i termer av möjligheter för deltagande i och inflytande över socio-politiska processer? Denna fråga står i centrum för föreliggande avhandling. Den våg av demokratiseringsprocesser som svept över utvecklingsvärlden under de senaste decennierna har medfört ökad frihet för miljontals människor och givit upphov till enThe global expansion of democratic rule in the developing world has attracted much scholarly interest. The societal implications of the democratisation process, i.e. what democratisation actually means for the citizens in terms of opportunities for participation and influence, have not received as much attention though. This study makes a contribution to redressing the imbalance. Drawing on normat

Epidemiological studies have shown diet to be an important factor in the global variation of human cancer rates. The presence of mutagenic/carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAs) in cooked foods has attracted a great deal of interest for more than 20 years. Accurate assessment of the human exposure to HAs requires food questionnaires that address cooking methods and reliable methods for th

The three-dimensional structure of the major birch pollen allergen, the 17,500 M(r) acidic protein Bet v 1 (from the birch, Betula verrucosa), is presented as determined both in the crystalline state by X-ray diffraction and in solution by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This is the first experimentally determined structure of a clinically important inhalant major allergen, estimate

Aim: To describe the epidemiology of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in the Nordic countries, to define clinical subgroups and to investigate factors predicting chronic disease. Methods: A prospective registration was done from 1998 to 2000, including all children with newly diagnosed ITP aged 0-14 y and at least one platelet count <30 x 10(9)/l. Results: 506 children were registered and

The Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola f. falcinellus is a little studied European wader species with unfavourable conservation status. We describe the migration of the Broad-billed Sandpiper at Ottenby, southeast Sweden, from 1950-2000 using data from ringing activities and field observations. Numbers of ringed and observed Broad-billed Sandpipers varied considerably between years. There was no tren

The presence of a functional glpT gene in Haemophilus influenzae could be questioned, since there is only what appears to be a truncated glpT (HI0686, 143 nt in the 5'-end) available in the H. influenzae Rd genome database (Fleischmann et al. , 1995). For cloning of the glpT gene from H. influenzae type b strain Eagan, an isogenic glpT, rec-1 double mutant and a selective medium for detection of t

To study the impact of canopy exchange on differences observed between atmospheric deposition and throughfall fluxes, several-held experiments were performed at the Speulder forest in The Netherlands. Relevant information was obtained by (i) measuring open-field precipitation and throughfall fluxes with different time resolutions, using two canopy exchange models, (ii) by comparing results from su

Fetal antigen 1 (FA1) is a circulating glycoprotein containing six epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats. FA1's larger membrane-bound precursor is defined by the cDNAs referred to as either human delta-like (dlk) or human adrenal specific cDNA, pG2. In rodents FA1 has also been studied under the names of preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref-1), and zona glomerulosa-specific factor (ZOG). FA1 is abunda

Objectives We examined to what degree annoyance ratings to noise, air pollution and other common environmental factors in the home environment could be considered to mirror personality disposition in terms of habitual anxiety level and, when appropriate, objectively modeled noise and nitrogen emission (NOx). Methods A trait anxiety scale was introduced in a cross-sectional public health survey wit

Selected papers from the 2002 Conference in the Pepperdine University lecture hall facilities in Heidelberg.