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The Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, is one of the major forest insect pests in Europe, capable of mass-attacking and killing mature Norway spruce trees. The initiation and development of a new generation are strongly controlled by temperature and a warmer climate may affect the number of generations that is produced per year and hence the outbreak dynamics. Experimental knowledge reg
Gas-phase dehydration of glycerol to acrolein is studied over tungsten and niobium oxide supported on monoclinic zirconia. Supported tungsten oxide is slightly better than supported niobia with initial yields to acrolein around 78% and 75%, respectively, at complete conversion of glycerol. No synergy is observed using mixed structures with W and Nb. The addition of oxygen to the feed has almost no
The ovariectomized (OVX) rat model is well established in investigations of osteoporosis and osteoporotic therapies. Advent of techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) facilitate characterization of bone composition and mineral structure, respectively, which are key determinants of bone strength. Limited publications exist on the imp
Because of the use of agricultural land for wine production and the frequent use of copper (Cu)-based fungicides, Cu concentration has been increasing in soils in many parts of the world. In vineyards with acid parent materials, low soil pH may also encourage Cu toxicity, but it is common to use lime in order to increase the soil pH and improve crop yields. Thus, vineyard soils may have large vari
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the distribution of the transient receptor potential (TRP) A1 ion channel in the rat urinary bladder, and to study the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) and known TRPA1 activators on micturition in conscious rats and on heterologously expressed ion channels. METHODS: The expression of TRPA1 in urinary bladder was studied with fluorescence immunohistochemistry and real-
Popular Abstract in Swedish Folkligt deltagande är något av en paroll i dagens utvecklingstänkande. När människor deltar i beslutsfattande och samhällsplanering på lokal nivå blir resultatet bättre och mer anpassat till lokala behov, särskilt i jämförelse med expertorienterade och centraliserade utvecklingsstrategier. Samtidigt kräver detta att folk i allmänhet vill delta och de har ett intresse aThe emphasis on people-centred development is distinctive in today’s development discourse. This is noticeable in catchwords like democratic decentralisation, participation, and empowerment, which are highly esteemed among NGOs, donors, and policymakers in recipient countries. The benefits of participatory approaches are several. When people influence the process of development, policies and pr
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna studie omfattar tidsperioderna ordovicium, silur och äldsta devon. Silurperioden sträcker sig från 444 till 416 miljoner år sedan och karakteriseras av globala miljö- och klimatförändringar. Vid denna tid hade djur och växter börjat kolonisera land, land som tidigare varit ödsligt och kargt. Min studie visar att det i Skåne då redan fanns en flora bestående av priThe Silurian through earliest Devonian, between ca 444 and 412 million years ago, was characterized by significant changes in global climate and environment. At that time, plants and animals had begun to expand the colonization of previous relatively desolate terrestrial landscape. Macrofossils of land plants are very rare from this period because these early land plants lacked large and robust ti
In many countries, current research policy is dominated by managerialism and excellence, manifesting the aim of making universities into national strategic assets in the globally competitive knowledge economy. This article discusses these policy trends and their mirror in recent developments in public funding for academic research, with special attention to Sweden. A review of the language in thre
The aim of this paper is to examine what meanings “age” was given when Swedish psychiatric institutions were defining, categorising and caring for their patients from 1850 to 1970. The paper focuses on institutional psychiatry’s perspectives on individuals of advanced age and on the way that these individuals were understood in terms directly or indirectly associated with age. The majority of aged
This study examined how root growth and morphology were affected by variation in soil moisture at four Amazon rainforest sites with contrasting vegetation and soil types. Mean annual site root mass, length and surface area growth ranged between 3-7 t ha(-1), 2-4 km m(-2) and 8-12 m(2) m(-2) respectively. Mean site specific root length and surface area varied between 8-10 km kg(-1) stop and 24-34 m
Background. Poor ultrafiltration is associated with worse outcomes in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. This might in part reflect problems associated with salt and water excess. Increasing the diffusive component of peritoneal sodium removal using low-sodium PD fluids might have beneficial effects on blood pressure (BP), thirst and fluid status that could translate into clinical benefits. Method
This article investigates by means of US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) patent data whether technological relatedness at the city level was a crucial driving force behind technological change in 366 US cities from 1981 to 2010. Based on a three-way fixed-effects model, we find that the entry probability of a new technology in a city increases by 30% if the level of relatedness with existing t
Popular Abstract in Swedish Dercums sjukdom är ovanlig sjukdom som kännetecknas av uttalad kronisk smärta (>3 månader) i fettväven, kombinerad med övervikt och ett antal mer diffusa associerade symptom, såsom trötthet och allmän sjukdomskänsla. Orsaken till sjukdomen är okänd. Smärtorna är ofta handikappande och de flesta prövade behandlingar, såsom traditionella smärtstillande, ger otillräcklig eDercum’s disease is a rare condition characterised by obesity, chronic pain (>3 months) in the adipose tissue and a number of diffuse associated symptoms, such as fatigue and malaise. The aetiology of the disease is unknown. The experienced pains are often disabling and resistant to most tried treatments, such as analgesics. However, a number of case reports have been published on the promising ef
Objective: Occupational workload has been associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. The objective was to further examine the association between workload and occurrence of osteoarthritis and in particular to study whether heavy workload has similar importance as a causative factor for osteoarthritis of the hip and knee. Methods: In a cohort study, the authors investigated the incidence
We report conductance and supercurrent of InAs nano wires coupled to Al-superconducting electrodes with short channel lengths and good Ohmic contacts. The nanowires are suspended 15 nm above a local gate electrode. The charge density in the nanowires can be controlled by a small change in the gate voltage. For large negative gate voltages, the number of conducting channels is reduced gradually, an
