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Viral vector-mediated gene transfer utilizing adeno-associated viral vectors has recently entered clinical testing as a novel tool for delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain. Clinical trials in Parkinson's disease using adeno-associated viral vector-based gene therapy have shown the safety of the approach. Further efforts in this area will show if gene-based approaches can rival the therapeut
In Huntington's disease (HD), the mutant huntingtin protein is ubiquitously expressed. The disease was considered to be limited to the basal ganglia, but recent studies have suggested a more widespread pathology involving hypothalamic dysfunction. Here we tested the hypothesis that expression of mutant huntingtin in the hypothalamus causes metabolic abnormalities. First, we showed that bacterial a
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin (htt) gene. Neuropathology is most severe in the striatum and cerebral cortex. As mutant htt is ubiquitously expressed, it has not been possible to establish clear structure-to-function relationships for the clinical aspects. In the present study, we have injected recombinant adeno-as
Through semi-structured interviews conducted with representatives of three different NGOs located in The Gambia, this qualitative study explores how practices and activities in the organisations improve educational opportunities for girls in the country. The study identifies specific societal challenges that the NGOs try to remedy with their work, and what the focus is in their capacity building.
Genom en djupgående studie av de rättsmedel som gjorts tillgängliga för sökande av internationellt skydd inom ramen för Dublinsystemet och det nya migrationshanteringssystemet, utforskas i denna studie omfattningen av rättsmedlet i en situation där en medlemsstat vägrar ta ansvar för prövningen av en ansökan om internationellt skydd. Det är uppenbart att en sökande kan överklaga ett beslut om att Through an in-depth study of the remedies available to applicants for international protection under the Dublin System and the new Proposed Migration Management System, this thesis explores the scope of the remedy in the situation where a Member State refuses to take responsibility for the examination of an application for international protection. It is evident that an applicant may challenge a d
Large plants are often more conspicuous and more attractive for associated animals than small plants, e.g. due to their wider range of resources. Therefore, plant size can positively affect species richness of associated animals, as shown for single groups of herbivores, but studies usually consider intraspecific size differences of plants in unstandardised environments. As comprehensive tests of
The integrated model WORLD and Hubbert's model were used for assessment of future supply for different metals: iron, nickel, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, rhenium, zir- conium, tungsten, cobalt, copper, zinc, lead, aluminium and the technology metals derived from copper ezinc mining (tellurium, selenium, gallium, indium, antimony, bismuth, tin, germanium, selenium). The conne
The properties of iron (Fe) complexes and compounds in the environment influence several central processes, e.g., iron uptake, adsorption/desorption of contaminants and nutrients, and redox transformations, as well as the fate of of natural organic matter (NOM). It is thus important to characterize Fe species in environmental samples. Synchrotron-based extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXA
Pollination contributes to an estimated one third of global food production, through both the improvement of the yield and the quality of crops. Volatile compounds emitted by crop flowers mediate plant-pollinator interactions, but differences between crop varieties are still little explored. We investigated whether the visitation of crop flowers is determined by variety-specific flower volatiles u
Much evidence highlights the importance of polyamines for VSMC (vascular smooth muscle cell) proliferation and migration. Cav-1 (caveolin-1) was recently reported to regulate polyamine uptake in intestinal epithelial cells. The aim of the present study was to assess the importance of Cav-1 for VSMC polyamine uptake and its impact on cell proliferation and migration. Cav-1 KO (knockout) mouse aorti
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders that is characterized by recurrent and unpredictable seizures. Wearable systems can be used to detect the onset of a seizure and notify family members and emergency units for rescue. The majority of state-of-the-art studies in the epilepsy domain currently explore modern machine learning techniques, e.g., deep neural networks, to accurately
Denna rapport är en sammanställning och analys av kunskapsläget när det gäller ekosystembaserade metoder för att minska utsläpp och öka upptag av koldioxid hos brukade marker i Skåne. Med fokus på markanvändning och skötselstrategier inom jordbruk och skogsbruk, samt användning av biokol, analyseras och bedöms potentialen för att inom Skånes gränser öka upptag respektive minska utsläpp av kol från
Climate change and an increasing urbanisation create pressure on cities in terms of extreme weather events, deteriorated public health and wellbeing and a loss of biodiversity. Strengthening the provision of urban green and blue space (UGS) and ecosystem services (ES) is one way to reduce vulnerability and improve living conditions, and ’greening’ is often highlighted as an important path to creat
The arrangement of plant species within a landscape influences pollination via changes in pollinator movement trajectories and plant–pollinator encounter rates. Yet the combined effects of landscape composition and pollinator traits (especially specialisation) on pollination success remain hard to quantify empirically. We used an individual-based model to explore how landscape and pollinator speci
Globally, plants display enormous variation in life-history strategies and trait combinations. However, evidence suggests that evolutionary and physiological constraints limit the number of plant ecological strategies. Although there have been recent advances in understanding correlations among plant traits, reproductive traits are rarely considered, despite their key role in shaping plant life-hi
The use of pesticides and the lack of resources caused by the simplification of landscapes are often cited as the main drivers of the loss of wild bees. Landscape complexity has been shown to interact with local pesticide use in studies of the effect of these factors on the abundance and diversity of insects. But, to date, few studies have simultaneously investigated local and landscape effects on
In this paper, we study the trade-off between complexity and performance in massive MIMO systems with neural-network based digital pre-distortion (NN-DPD) blocks at the base station. In particular, we consider a multi-user massive MIMO system with per-antenna NN-DPDs, each with an adjustable NN architecture in terms of the size and the number of NN hidden layers. We first analyze the system perfor
The semiconductor technology development con- stantly enables integrated circuits (ICs) with more, faster and smaller transistors. While there are many advantages, there are also many and new challenges, for example tighter margins, wear- outs and process variations. To address these challenges, the traditional approach with external test instruments used at man- ufacturing test must be complement
