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The excitatory amino acid glutamate has been suggested to be an important mediator of the selective CA1 hippocampal damage which follows transient cerebral ischemia. In order to evaluate the possible involvement of altered glutamate receptor regulation in the expression of the delayed neuronal necrosis following ischemia, we have determined the density of glutamate receptor subtypes in the rat hip
Human rights are meant to be universal, indivisible, and inalienable. They are legal norms that claim to reflect urgent moral concerns, and to protect human beings by mere virtue of their humanity. As such they are held to be universal, in that they apply to all human beings regardless of their background and nationality; they are inalienable, in that all human beings are born with them and they
Research infrastructures such as biobanks are increasingly important for science and society. This paper focuses on the transition of biobanks from being a research tool of individual research groups to complex, internationally networked research infrastructures supporting large-scale biomedical investigations, and the challenges that this change poses for governance in relation to management, fun
Introduction: The clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is based on the identification of bradykinesia and at least one additional feature among rigidity, resting tremor and postural instability. These clinical features have been estimated to appear when at least 50% of the nigral dopamine neurons and 70% of putaminal dopamine tissue contents are lost [1]. Dopaminergic imaging suggests th
Thanks to Bruno Galantucci, “experimental semiotics” is usually nowadays taken to mean the study of “novel forms of communication which people develop when they cannot use pre-established communication systems”. In spite of Galantucci’s claim to have picked the label because it was free, it has actually been used in different ways at least twice before: by Colin Ware, who takes it to be involved w
We extend Burnashev's [5] classic result for the error exponent of discrete memoryless channels with feedback to the case of Markov channels with ISI and feedback. This is a nontrivial extension of our previous work [6] where we treated the case of Markov channels with feedback but without ISI. Tools from stochastic control theory are used to treat the case with ISI.
We are constantly exposed to infectious diseases, and they cause millions of deaths per year. TheWorld Health Organization (WHO) estimates that antibiotic resistance could cause 10 million deaths per year by 2050. Multidrug-resistant bacteria are the cause of infection in at least one in three people suffering from septicemia. While antibiotics are powerful agents against infectious diseases, the
The article inquires into the implications of Christianity not being a religious perspective among others in the contemporary Western debate on religious pluralism. A quick glance at a recent debate in Sweden serves to demonstrate how Christianity, although marginalized in its traditional forms, remains a dominating cultural interpretative scheme that continues to influence the majority’s view on
Measuring and monitoring socioeconomic health inequalities are critical for understanding the impact of policy decisions. However, the measurement of health inequality is far from value neutral, and one can easily present the measure that best supports one's chosen conclusion or selectively exclude measures. Improving people's understanding of the often implicit value judgments is therefore import
Glypicans are multifunctional cell surface proteoglycans involved in several important cellular signalling pathways. Glypican-1 (Gpc1) is the predominant heparan sulphate (HS) proteoglycan in the developing and adult human brain. The two N-linked glycans and the C-terminal domain that attaches the core protein to the cell membrane are not resolved in the Gpc1 crystal structure. Therefore we have s
We present a review of elemental abundances in the Milky Way stellar disk, bulge, and halo with a focus on data derived from high-resolution stellar spectra. These data are fundamental in disentangling the formation history and subsequent evolution of the Milky Way. Information from such data is still limited and confined to narrowly defined stellar samples. The astrometric Gala satellite will soo
Fusobacterium necrophorum is a gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium, which has been suggested to be a normal inhabitant of the oral flora. In rare cases, it can invade the tonsils and deeper tissues, causing the serious condition Lemièrre's syndrome. Recruitment of host plasminogen is a well-known bacterial virulence mechanism, and plasmin activity at the bacterial surface is thought to be important
There is growing interest in how helpers working with severely traumatized individuals are affected by their work. A sample of 69 persons working with war and torture survivors across specialized centers throughout Sweden filled out questionnaires evaluating negative (i.e., compassion fatigue—composed of secondary traumatic stress [STS] and burnout—depersonalization, and impairment of functioning)
Cloud computing has become one of the fastest growing segments of the IT industry. In the wake of this, cloud based Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems have emerged as an alternative to traditional ERPs. The marketing of cloud based ERPs states that adoption require low upfront investments and can rapidly be deployed, as they are provided over the cloud. In this study we seek to unravel clo
We present experimental measurements and theoretical calculations of photoionization time delays from the 3s and 3p shells in Ar in the photon energy range of 32-42 eV. The experimental measurements are performed by interferometry using attosecond pulse trains and the infrared laser used for their generation. The theoretical approach includes intershell correlation effects between the 3s and 3p sh
