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Background How many time's a word appear in a corpu's constitute's it's word frequency. Word frequency affect's memory in robust but puzzling way's. In free recall paradigm's high frequency (HF) word's are easier to recall than low frequency (LF) word's, in list's with homogenou's word frequencie's. If HF and LF word's are mixed together in a list thi's affect recall of HF word's negatively
We present rock magnetic and palaeointensity data from Holocene Icelandic lava flows, including historical and pre-historical lavas. Susceptibility versus temperature measurements indicate that the magnetic mineralogy is dominated by primary titanomagnetite that have experienced variable degrees of high-temperature oxidisation. The analyses also demonstrate that virtually all studied samples are t
The size of the anisotropic domains in a lyotropic liquid crystal is estimated using a new protocol for diffusion NMR. Echo attenuation decays are recorded for different durations of the displacement-encoding gradient pulses, while keeping the effective diffusion time and the range of the wave vectors constant. Deviations between the sets of data appear if there are non-Gaussian diffusion processe
Bet-hedging is defined as a strategy that reduces the temporal variance in fitness at the expense of a lowered arithmetic mean fitness. After a few technical points, we will here argue that this definition of bet-hedging is badly suited for models with density- and/or frequency-dependent fitness. A strict interpretation cannot be employed; possibly, a modified definition is necessary.
Side-chain carboxyl and carbonyl groups play a major role in protein interactions and enzyme catalysis. A series of C-13 relaxation experiments is introduced to study the dynamics of carboxyl and carbonyl groups in protein side chains on both fast (sub-ns) and slower (mu s-ms) time scales. This approach is illustrated on the protein calbindin D-9k. Fast dynamics features correlate with hydrogen- a
The influence of counterions and co-ions on the stability and thickness of foam films stabilized by anionic dodecyl sulfate (DS(-)) has been studied in a thin film pressure balance. Particularly, the effect on the properties of foam films of (i) the counterions Li(+), Na(+), and Cs(+) of DS(-) and (ii) monovalent inorganic salts added to sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions is considered. Generally, a
As a post-LOSC legal development, the precautionary principle is nowhere enunciated in the Law of the Sea Convention. Nevertheless, in the thirty years since the LOSC's adoption, the significance of the precautionary principle for marine environmental protection in general and marine resource conservation in particular has been recognised. The language of precaution, the precautionary principle an
Xylose fermentation in yeast has been a target of research for years, yet not all the factors that may affect xylose fermentation perfomance of yeast strains are known. In this study, the mutant S. cerevisiae strain TMB 3400, which has good xylose fermentation properties, was compared with its parental strain to examine the factors behind the improved xylose utilization at protein level. The prote
A model membrane system based on lipid lyotropic phases confined inside the pores of a well-defined scaffold membrane, thereby forming a double-porous membrane structure, is described. The model membrane system is characterized with regard to lipid structure, lipid location, and phase transitions, using small-angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and confocal microscopy. The s
There is a need for analytical methods capable of monitoring blood antibiotic levels in real time. Here we present a method for quantifying antibiotic levels in whole blood that does not require any sample pretreatment. The tests employ the enzyme penicillinase to assay for penicillin G, penicillin V and ampicillin using a flow-injected biosensor, the Enzyme Thermistor. Optimal flow rates, sample
Hos 11,8-9 is characterized by its strong anthropomorphic language and by its (illusory?) disassociation from it. A reference to Israel’s God as “not human” motivates the unexpected change of mind and compassion for God’s Israel. This article is based on a tradition-historical oriented typological reading of the expression “I am God and not human.” It suggests a new interpretation of this expressi
Nutrient fluxes to coastal areas have risen in recent decades, leading to widespread hypoxia and other ecological damage, particularly from nitrogen (N). Several factors make N more limiting in estuaries and coastal waters than in lakes: desorption (release) of phosphorus (P) bound to clay as salinity increases, lack of planktonic N fixation in most coastal ecosystems, and flux of relatively P-ric
Antibodies provide some protection against cytomegalovirus-mediated disease. All aspects of antibody recognition of important viral antigens are however not fully appreciated. Glycoprotein B (gB), a key protein in the viral membrane, participates in viral infection and it is a component of prototype vaccines. By using combinatorial antibody library and selection technology, novel antibody specific
Large international biobank studies can make substantial contributions to scientific research by validation of the biological importance of previous research and by identification of previously unknown causes of disease. However, regulations for patient consent that are too strict and discrepancies in national policies on informed consent might hinder progress. Therefore, establishment of common g
Abstract in Undetermined NMR line shape analysis and relaxation dispersion measurements for N,N-dimethyltrichloroacetamide (DMTCA) weakly aligned using poly-γ-benzyl-l-glutamate, which forms a lyotropic nematic phase when dissolved in chloroform, were used to characterize chemical exchange kinetics for the rotation around the C−N amide bond. At low temperatures (<312 K), slow-exchange 1H-coupled 1
