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This thesis discusses the potentials of application of the EU Trade Barriers Regulation (TBR) to EU-Russia trade relations. In light of the forthcoming and long-awaited Russia's WTO accession (expected to be completed in mid-2012), the theoretical analysis suggests that the TBR would become functional and useful for EU companies in tackling obstacles to trade on the Russian market. Also, this
Global temperatures are expected to rise high above normal in our near future. The Nordic countries, like Sweden, will experience almost central European climate at the end of this century. This study investigates the effects that climate change will have on the Swedish national parks. Climate change will initially act as a stress factor towards the species. Furthermore, the species inside the bou
Trots återhämtning av Atlantisk torsk (Gadus morhua) sen de tidigare låga värden under 1990-talet så gäller detta bara i vissa områden i Östersjön. Det blir problematiskt då det blir hög konkurrens om föda som leder till svält hos torsken. Den här artikeln undersöker ifall den dåliga konditionen som uppvisats hos vissa torskar kan förklaras med hjälp av annorlunda habitat eller födoval. För att ku
Over the past 30 to 40 years comprehensive fishery policies and certification schemes have attempted to halt the rapid decline and exploitation of commercial fish stocks. However, with seafood as one of the most globalized food commodities and the world’s population increasing exponentially, most commercial stocks are thought to be on the brink of collapse. Some estimates exclaiming that all comme
In a globalized world where power-relations are changing, the need to reformulate the framework of global trade and trade-liberalization to be more conducive for development has been increasingly recognized in trade and development forums. This has resulted in increased donor focus on trade related development assistance and the moral justifications of trade-relations. This thesis set out to quest
Climate change and human impact play a huge role in the sustainability and development of ecosystems and the services they offer to societies over temporal and spatial scales. Fossil pollen-based estimates provide unique information on past land cover change, but to date there are not many methods able to create spatially continuous maps and have a fine scale of land cover changes inferred from po
In this thesis the effects of utilizing the sample covariance matrix in the estimation of the global minimum variance (GMV) portfolio are presented. When the number of assets, N, are close to the number of observations, T, the sample covariance matrix approaches singularity, leading to a lot of uncertainties in form of estimation error. Due to that the computations of the sample GMV portfolio are
Nowadays consumers are becoming more aware of the environmental impacts caused by their consumption habits. As a result their consumption patterns and information needs have changed. Currently, product-related environmental information for ICT consumer products is not easily available. In addition, the general perception of ICT practitioners is that private consumers are not asking for environment
The aim of this thesis is to present a proposal for an evolved SQAD (Safety/Quality Assurance and Demonstration)-methodology. SQAD is a Safety Case-based methodology with the main purpose of supplying an effective tool for organizing and demonstrating system safety. Just as Safety Case, SQAD is designed to be a document that proves series of claims with the purpose to declare a system safe. This t
The “iron triangle” phenomenon, or nexus between politicians, bureaucrats and business, is an important element of the Japanese postwar political economy system, known as the “1955 system” or “Japan Inc.” Although, originally created to facilitate high-speed economic growth by ensuring efficient cooperation between the government and business, over time it became associated with high-profile corru
Get married is the rite of passage that coincides with exit from the parental household, solemnizing the establishment of a new household and commitment to a sexual partner (Allan, G. et al, 2003:135), which is a ubiquitous phenomenon across human society. Almost all adult men and women seek to marry or form a permanent stable relationship with another person for the sake of bear children and rais
Definition: The Mbuluzi River runs through Swaziland and Mozambique into the Indian Ocean. Due to water shortage, population increase and growing industrial and agricultural sectors, high stress is being put on the water quality. The importance of keeping good water quality is accentuated by the fact that the River is shared between two countries and that it supports both capitals with drinking wa
Background: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a serious complication in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective: To study associations between relevant co-morbidities and CHF in patients with AF. Methods: Study population included all adults (n = 12,283) ≥45 years diagnosed with AF at 75 primary care centers in Sweden 2001-2007. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios with
Background: Growing up with congenital heart disease (CHD) often means transfer to adult care and lifelong medical follow-up. An optimal transition process usually involves a multipart collaboration between the patient, their parents and other family members, and the healthcare providers. Taking an active role while knowing when it is time to step aside can be difficult for all the concerned parti
Rationale: Several guidelines exist that address treatment of patients with nonmetastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, most only briefly mention follow-up strategies for patients and hence the treating physician is often left to infer on what the preferred follow-up schema would be for an individual patient. Herein, we aim to synthesize recommendations for follow-up of patients
The advent of novel agents for multiple myeloma (MM) is cause for a re-examination of the incidence of second primary malignancies (SPMs). We examined the SPM rate in MM patients who were enrolled in the prospective observational CALM (Collaboration to Collect Autologous Transplant outcome in Lymphoma and Myeloma) study. Between 2008 and 2012, 3204 patients with MM underwent a first autologous hem
Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established therapy for appropriately selected patients with heart failure. Response to CRT has been heterogeneously defined using both clinical and echocardiographic measures, with poor correlation between the two. Methods: The study cohort was comprised of 202 CRT-treated patients and CRT response was defined at 6 months post-implant. Ech
