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This paper derives a generic model for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless channel. The model incorporates important effects, including i) interdependency of directions-of-arrival and directions-of-departure, ii) large delay and angle dispersion by propagation via far clusters, and iii) rank reduction of the transfer function matrix. We propose a geometry-based model that includes t
Hosts can in principle employ two different strategies to defend themselves against parasites: resistance and tolerance. Animals typically exhibit considerable genetic variation for resistance (the ability to limit parasite burden). However, little is known about whether animals can evolve tolerance (the ability to limit the damage caused by a given parasite burden). Using rodent malaria in labora
The objective of this paper is to investigate how the combustion chamber design will influence combustion parameters and emissions in a natural gas SI engine. Ten different geometries were tried on a converted Volvo TD102 engine. For the different combustion chambers emissions and the pressure in the cylinder have been measured. The pressure in the cylinder was then used in a one-zone heat-releas
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice. At an early stage of the disease, AF may terminate spontaneously and is then referred to as paroxysmal AF. On the other hand, when external intervention is required for the arrhythmia to terminate, it is referred to as persistent AF. In this work, a method to discriminate between paroxysmal and persistent AF in the long-t
Policy makers are showing increasing interest in factors that make places attractive for prospective new residents. This paper focuses on residential preferences for interregional migration and aims to explore what place attributes people would value highly if they considered migrating. Special attention is given to differences in preferences between population subgroups in terms of demographic, s
Aims: To illuminate patients' experiences of being cared for and nurses' experiences of caring for patients in a multiple-bed hospital room. Background: Many patients and healthcare personnel seem to prefer single-bed hospital rooms. However, certain advantages of multiple-bed hospital rooms (MBRs) have also been described. Method: Eight men and eight women being cared for in a multiple-bedroom
Background. Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties -- self renewal and pluripotency. In addition, mutual antagonism between two of these and other master regulators have been shown to regulate lineage determination. In particular, an excess of Cdx2 over
The role of quantitative risk analysis as a foundation for decision making, regarding hazardous activities and establishments, has gained increased importance during the last decades. When performing a quantitative risk analysis, a wide range of uncertainties will inevitably be introduced during the process. The impact of these uncertainties must somehow be addressed if the analysis is to serve as
Popular Abstract in Swedish Utveckling och tillämpning av laserfragmentationsteknik för visualisering av väteperoxider Laserinducerad fluorescens är en etablerad optisk mätmetod för kemiskt specifik detektion och avbildning med tillämpning inom fysik, kemi och biologi. Tekniken bygger på att molekyler ska absorbera laserljus och sedan spontant sända ut ljus som kan detekteras. Det finns dock mångaThe work presented in this thesis is mainly motivated by the need for an optical diagnostic technique which can be used to visualize hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in its gas phase. Due to the lack of bound electronic states, H2O2 cannot be detected using laser-induced fluorescence based on electronic excitation. Absorption in the ultraviolet leads to photodissociation. Thus a technique called photofrag
A simple, fast and efficient method for designing wideband radar absorbers is proposed. The idea is to modify the circuit analog absorber method without perturbing the bandwidth. This is done by utilizing the asymptotic behavior of such an absorber at low frequency and replacing the band-stop resonating frequency selective surfaces with low-pass capacitive ones, which can be synthesized by square
We present a digital solution for the front-end electronics of high resolution calorimeters at future colliders. It is based on analogue signal compression, high speed A/D converters, a fully programmable pipeline and a digital signal processing (DSP) chain with local intelligence and system supervision. This digital solution is aimed at providing maximal front-end processing power by performing w
Mechanisms that govern transport, accumulation and toxicity of persistent pollutants at interfaces in aquatic ecosystems are the foci of this thesis. Specific attention is paid to humic substances, their occurrence, composition, and role in exchange processes across interfaces. It was concluded that: Composition of humic substances in aquatic surface microlayers is different from that of the subsu
This paper presents the characterization of forced cooling channels with three different shapes which are applied in traction motors mounted in Hybrid Vehicles (HEVs) or Zero Emission Vehicles (ZEVs). Generally, there are two different positions of forced cooling channels in electric motors. One way is by drilling holes or cutting cooling channels inside the housing, which is called indirect cooli
Popular Abstract in Swedish Cytokromer är hem-innehållande proteiner som transporterar elektroner. Hem är den järninnehållande molekyl som binder syre i hemoglobin i de röda blodkropparna i blodet hos t ex människor. Cytokromer har viktiga funktioner i olika typer av organismer: bakterier, växter och djur. Genom att studera vilka gener som behövs för syntesen av cytokromer i bakterien Bacillus subCytochromes are heme-containing proteins that function in electron transfer reactions, e.g. respiration and photosynthesis. There are several different types of cytochromes. C-type cytochromes differ from other types of cytochromes in that the heme group is covalently attached to the polypeptide via thioether bonds to two cysteinyl residues in a consensus motif, Cys-Xaa-Yaa-Cys-His. Cytochrome c o
Popular Abstract in Swedish En betydande del av kemin i naturen och inom industrin äger rum i en omgivning av andra molekyler. Reaktioner, övergångar, interaktioner och andra kemiska processer påverkas nästan alltid utav omgivningen. Dessa modifikationer eller omgivningseffekter beror i grund och botten på växelverkan mellan molekylerna, den så kallade intermolekylära växelverkan. Det speciella faA considerable part of chemistry in nature and industry, takes place in an environment of other molecules. Reactions, transitions, interactions or other chemical processes are almost always modified by the environment. These modifications or environment effects depend ultimately on the interactions between the molecules, the so called intermolecular interactions. The special case of effects induce
