Filetype
The unprecedented x-ray flux density provided by modern x-ray sources offers new spatiotemporal possibilities for x-ray imaging of fast dynamic processes. Approaches to exploit such possibilities often result in either (i) a limited number of projections or spatial information due to limited scanning speed, as in time-resolved tomography, or (ii) a limited number of time points, as in stroboscopic
Context: AI technologies are increasingly embedded in products and software engineering processes of industrial IoT, autonomous systems, and cyber-physical systems. It is therefore essential to ensure alignment with safety, reliability, and ethical standards. However, practical software engineering methods for managing misalignment risks remain underdeveloped. Objective: This study aims to explore
Migratory birds have evolved a multitude of physiological and behavioural adaptations to reach their population-specific wintering areas during their first migration. The endogenous program encodes distance, direction and fuelling, and involves species-specific adaptations leading naïve migratory birds along highly diverse routes. While daylength has been extensively studied in relation to the ons
The PRIMARY score was implemented in Prostate Cancer Molecular Imaging Standardized Evaluation (PROMISE) version 2 to improve accuracy for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer using prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET). We reviewed overall survival (OS) for patients who underwent PSMA PET for initial staging to evaluate the prognostic valu
AIMS: The COVID-19 pandemic had substantial impacts on mortality and morbidity, even after the rollout of vaccinations. These impacts however, varied considerably across regions. We examined regional disparities in COVID-19 mortality and hospitalizations among older people in Sweden from January 2021 to August 2023 and assessed the role of vaccination coverage in shaping these disparities.METHODS:
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm abnormality and is a leading cause of heart failure and stroke. This large-scale meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies increased the power to detect single-nucleotide variant associations and found more than 350 AF-associated genetic loci. We identified candidate genes related to muscle contractility, cardiac muscle development an
Studies of the surface chemistry of the first few cycles of atomic layer deposition (ALD) using in situ and time-resolved operando techniques are attractive for realizing, understanding, and obtaining true mechanistic information during the deposition. However, the latter techniques are yet to be applied to ALD of metal nitrides. Here, we present a surface-chemistry investigation through a time-re
X-rays are commonly used in imaging experiments due to their penetration power, which enables non-destructive resolution of internal structures in samples that are opaque to visible light. Time-resolved X-ray tomography is the state-of-the-art method for obtaining volumetric 4D (3D + time) information by rotating the sample and acquiring projections from different angular viewpoints over time. Thi
Time- and Angle-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy (tr-ARPES) is employed to monitor photoexcited electrons in the 2D hybrid perovskite (BA) (Formula presented.) (MA) (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.). Photoelectron intensity maps are in good agreement with ab-initio calculations of the band structure. The effective mass is (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.
Multi-beam ptychography (MBP) offers a scalable solution to improve the throughput of state-of-the-art ptychography by increasing the number of coherent beams that illuminate the sample simultaneously. However, increasing the number of beams in ptychography makes ptychographical reconstructions more challenging and less robust. It has been demonstrated that MBP reconstructions can be made more rob
Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) enables sensitive detection and staging of prostate cancer, yet its relationship with long-term survival remains unclear. This study aimed to assess whether total lesion volume (TLV) measured on [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT predicts overall survival (OS) in prostate cancer patients. Methods: A co
The proline-rich domain (PRD) of the tumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in modulating conformational dynamics and molecular interactions, yet its intrinsic structural behavior remains incompletely understood. Here, we combine extensive all-atom molecular dynamics simulations with biophysical validation to characterize the conformational ensemble of the p53 PRD. The domain behaves as an intr
Recently, research on the edge states of 2D lead halide perovskites (LHPs) has been attracting much attention. The lower-energy edge state (LES) is believed to provide an efficient pathway for the dissociation of photoexcited excitons. However, the mechanism of the LES formation remains controversial, and studies that establish precisely the local electronic properties are lacking. Herein, the fir
Streptococcus pyogenes causes a multitude of local and systemic infections, the most common being pharyngitis in children. Recurrent pharyngeal infections are common and are thought to be due to the re-emergence of intracellular GAS upon completion of antibiotic treatment. The role of colonizing biofilm bacteria in this process is not fully clear. Here, live respiratory epithelial cells were inoc
The double quantum coherence (DQC) signal in nonlinear spectroscopy gives information about the many-body correlation effects not easily available by other methods. The signal is short-lived, consequently, a significant part of it is generated during the pulse overlap. Since the signal is at two times the laser frequency, one may intuitively expect that the pulse overlap-related artifacts are filt
Bone strength is an important contributor to fracture risk. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) derived from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is used as a surrogate for bone strength in fracture risk prediction tools. 3D finite element (FE) models predict bone strength better than aBMD, but their clinical use is limited by the need for 3D computed tomography and lack of automation. We have ear
BACKGROUND: Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion MRI (dMRI) have been associated with cell density and tissue anisotropy across tumors, but it is unknown whether these associations persist at the microscopic level.PURPOSE: To quantify the degree to which cell density and anisotropy, as determined from histology, account for the intra-tumor variability of MD and FA in
BACKGROUND: Biomarkers reflecting diverse pathophysiological pathways may play an important role in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (aortic diameter ≥30 mm, AAA), levels of many biomarkers are elevated and correlated to aortic diameter among 65-year-old men undergoing ultrasound (US) screening for AAA.PROBANDS AND METHODS: To evaluate potential relationships between biomarkers and ao
Transition-metal complexes are used as photosensitizers1, in light-emitting diodes, for biosensing and in photocatalysis2. A key feature in these applications is excitation from the ground state to a charge-transfer state3,4; the long charge-transfer-state lifetimes typical for complexes of ruthenium5 and other precious metals are often essential to ensure high performance. There is much interest
We are reporting an efficient, label-free and continuous separation of mononuclear cells (MNC), from blood using microchip acoustophoresis. In standard PBS buffer, MNCs and red blood cells (RBC) display overlapping acoustophoretic mobilities which compromise separation of these cell types from each other. In this paper we capitalize on the fact that MNC and RBC display different acoustophysical pr
