Filetype
Particles containing soot, or black carbon, are generally considered to contribute to global warming. However, large uncertainties remain in the net climate forcing resulting from anthropogenic emissions of black carbon (BC), to a large extent due to the fact that BC is co-emitted with gases and primary particles, both organic and inorganic, and subject to atmospheric ageing processes. In this stu
The performance of the linear consensus algorithm is studied by using a linear quadratic (LQ) cost. The objective is to understand how the communication topology influences this algorithm. This is achieved by exploiting the analogy between Markov chains and electrical resistive networks. Indeed, this allows us to uncover the relation between the LQ performance cost and the average effective resist
Regional climate models are used by a large number of groups, for more or less all regions of the world. Regional climate models are complementary to global climate models. A typical use of regional climate models is to add further detail to global climate analyses or simulations, or to study climate processes in more detail than global models allow. The relationship between global and regional cl
The turbidity variation in time and space is investigated in the downstream stretch of the river Gota Alv in Sweden. The river is heavily regulated and carries the discharge from the largest fresh water lake in Sweden, Lake Vanern, to the outflow point in Goteborg Harbour on the Swedish west coast. The river is an important waterway and serves as a fresh-water supply for 700 000 users. Turbidity i
This paper considers the problem of performing mid-ranging control of two closed-loop controlled systems that have internal saturations. The problem originates from previous work in machining with industrial robots, where an external compensation mechanism is used to compensate for position errors. Because of the limited workspace and the considerably higher bandwidth of the compensator, a mid-ran
A new class of stochastic field models is constructed using nested stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs). The model class is computationally efficient, applicable to data on general smooth manifolds, and includes both the Gaussian Matérn fields and a wide family of fields with oscillating covariance functions. Nonstationary covariance models are obtained by spatially varying the parame
The flexibility demands in manufacturing are severe, e.g., for rapid-change-over to new product variants, while robots are flexible machines that potentially can be adapted to a large variety of production tasks. Task definitions such as explicit robot programs are hardly reusable from an application point-of-view. To improve the situation, a knowledge-based approach exploiting distributed declara
For monotone systems evolving on the positive orthant, two types of Lyapunov functions are considered: Sum- and max-separable Lyapunov functions. One can be written as a sum, the other as a maximum of functions of scalar arguments. Several constructive existence results for both types are given. Notably, one construction provides a max-separable Lyapunov function that is defined at least on an arb
Abstract in UndeterminedThis manuscript presents a new approach to the design of task scheduling algorithms, where system-theoretical methodologies are used throughout. The proposal implies a significant perspective shift with respect to mainstream design practices, but yields large payoffs in terms of simplicity, flexibility, solution uniformity for different problems, and possibility to formally
This paper proposes that the maximum entropy principle can be used for determining the drop size distribution of hydrometeors. The maximum entropy principle can be applied to any physical systems with many degrees of freedom in order to determine a distribution of a variable when the following are known: 1) the restriction variable that leads to a homogeneous distribution without constraint and 2)
Analytical solutions to 2D depth-averaged (external mode) and fully 3D (internal mode) periodic flows for numerical model testing are presented in this paper. These solutions take into account the effects of the bottom friction, the horizontal turbulent viscosity, and the vertical turbulent viscosity for the case of 3D flow. The key linkage for the modes is the relationship between the bottom fric
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate technical skills in a coronary angiography (CA) simulator to establish the performance level of trainees and experts in virtual CA.The traditional master-apprentice way of learning CA is by practicing on patients despite a known risk for complications during training. Safe CA training is warranted, and simulators might be one possibility. Simulat
Innovative engineering methods are needed to enhance the adaptability and agility of industrial control procedures and concurrently manage their rising complexity. Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) constitutes a promising paradigm to meet these challenges. To apply the rather abstract SOA principles to industrial automation, a model-driven engineering method is presented in this paper. Therefore
Larger amounts of variable renewable energy sources bring about larger amounts of uncertainty in the form of forecast errors. When taking operational and planning decisions under uncertainty, a tradeoff between risk and costs must be made. Today's deterministic operational tools, such as N-1-based methods, cannot directly account for the underlying risk due to uncertainties. Instead, several defin
The terrestrial biosphere is a key regulator of atmospheric chemistry and climate. During past periods of climate change, vegetation cover and interactions between the terrestrial biosphere and atmosphere changed within decades. Modern observations show a similar responsiveness of terrestrial biogeochemistry to anthropogenically forced climate change and air pollution. Although interactions betwee
A new parameterization of sticking efficiency for aggregation of ice crystals onto snow and graupel is presented. This parameter plays a crucial role for the formation of ice precipitation and for electrification processes. The parameterization is intended to be used in atmospheric models simulating the aggregation of ice particles in glaciated clouds. It should improve the ability to forecast sno
Resource reservation is a technique that allows isolating applications from interfering among each other. In the most classic setting, this method requires the periodic allocation of a given budget of resource over time. However, in reality, the actual budget allocation may deviate from its ideal value. Examples of causes of this deviation are: the presence of a system tick, the usage of shared re
Accurate modelling of long-term changes in plant stomatal functioning is vital to global climate change studies because changes in evapotranspiration influence temperature via physiological forcing of the climate. Various stomatal models are included in land surface schemes, but their robustness over longer timescales is difficult to validate. We compare the performance of three stomatal models, v
In this theoretical paper we consider the problem of accurately triangulating a scene plane. Rather than first triangulating a set of points and then fitting a plane to these points, we try to minimize the back-projection errors as functions of the plane parameters directly. As this is both geometrically and statistically meaningful our method performs better than the standard two step procedure.
