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Abstract: Activation of trophic factor receptors stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation on proteins and supports neuronal survival. We report that in the recovery phase following reversible cerebral ischemia, tyrosine phosphorylation increases in the membrane fraction of the resistant hippocampal CA3/dentate gyrus (DG) region, whereas in the sensitive CA1 region or striatum, tyrosine phosphorylation
Abstract: An involvement of excitatory amino acid (EAA) transmitter–receptor interactions in the development of hypoglycemia‐induced neuronal damage has been suggested. We report here on the binding to EAA receptors in the rat caudate nucleus and cerebral cortex, during and following severe insulin‐induced hypoglycemia with an isoelectric EEG of 10 or 30 min duration. The binding of α[3H]amino‐3‐
This prospective study analyzed the intestinal carriage of P fimbriated Escherichia coli as a host susceptibility factor in urinary tract infection (UTI). P fimbriation was defined by the pap and G ad hesin (papG1A2prsGJ96)genotypes. Children with UTI carried pap+E. coli in the fecal flora more often than healthy controls both at diagnosis (86% vs. 29%) and during infection-free intervals (40%; P
The aim of the study was to examine the role culture plays in caregiver’s pain-related parent behaviors. This study used a cross-cultural survey design with a convenience sample of caregivers of 6-12-year-old children (N = 547) living in Canada (n = 183), Iceland (n = 184), or Thailand (n = 180). A team-translation approach included psychometric assessment and confirmatory factor analysis, ensurin
Acetylcholine release in the frontal cortex of awake rats after acute or chronic lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis and grafting of cholinergic-rich basal forebrain tissue was studied by in vivo microdialysis. Three to four weeks and five months after a unilateral quisqualic acid lesion of the nucleus basalis, and five months after lesion and cortical implantation of a basal forebrain
Grafts of five different types of central cholinergic neurons, from the septal-diagonal band region, the nucleus basalis magnocellularis region (NBM), the striatum, the pontomesencephalic tegmentum of the brainstem, and the spinal cord, were compared with respect to their ability to grow and to reinnervate the cholinergically denervated hippocampal formation of adult rats. The areas were dissected
Animal classification is primarily based on morphological characters, even though these may not be the first to diverge during speciation. In many cases, closely related taxa are actually difficult to distinguish based on morphological characters alone, especially when there is no substantial niche separation. As a consequence, the diversity of certain groups is likely to be underestimated. Lepido
Early caregiving is one of the strongest influences on children's development, and among the most significant modifiable environmental factor. The aim of this study was to explore the association between quality of caregiver-infant interactions and neurodevelopment of infants living in banana-growing communities in rural Costa Rica characterized as having environmental toxic exposures. Home visits
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress may be involved in the aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease and whether dietary polyphenols, which possess antioxidants properties, prevent its development is unknown.METHODS: A total of 401,326 men and women aged 20 to 80 years from 8 countries were recruited between 1991 and 1998 and at baseline completed validated food frequency questionnaires. Dietary polyphenol
Flowers and fruits of Zlivifructus microtriasseris, originally described as Caryanthus microtriasseris from the late Turonian to Santonian of the South Bohemian Basins and the late Coniacian to early Santonian of the North Sudetic Basin, are reinterpreted here. Zlivifructus microtriasseris is represented by small, flat fruits, round in outline with persistent perianths, which are fused basally, fo
Plasma-free fatty acids (FFAs) are largely derived from adipose tissue. Elevated levels of FFA and fatty acidebinding protein 4 (FABP4), a key cytoplasmic chaperone of fatty acids, have been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but limited data are available on the relation of these biomarkers with cardiovascular and total mortality. We studied 4,707 participants with a mean age of 75
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is released from intestinal L-cells in response to nutrient ingestion. It is currently under therapeutic evaluation because it enhances insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes. Previous studies using the GLP-1 secreting cell line GLUTag have shown that the cells are electrically active, and that the action potential frequency is regulated by nutrients. In this study we
Research Question/Issue: This paper examines the impact of changes in board independence on the market valuation of Swedish firms. I exploit an exogenous change to the rules of corporate governance in 2005, which requires large firms to have majority independent boards, as a quasi‐experimental setting.Research Findings/Insights: I use a regression discontinuity design and a difference‐in‐differenc
Following electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) of rabbits, preprotachykinin-A (PPT-A) mRNA was detected by Southern blot analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified products in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and aqueous humor of the eye. In contrast, no PPT-A mRNA could be detected in samples from untreated animals. In addition, several neuropeptides (substance P, neuropeptide Y, cholecystok
We have compared the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and of the VIP-related peptides pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) 1-27 and 1-38, helodermin, helospectin I and helospectin II, on the electrically evoked twitches in the isolated vas deferens of the rat. While VIP was virtually without effect, PACAP 1-38 suppressed the electrically evoked twitches effectively
Preischemic hyperglycemia or superimposed hypercapnia exaggerates brain damage caused by transient forebrain ischemia. Because high regional levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein correlate with resistance to ischemic damage, we studied the expression of BDNF mRNA using in sire hybridization in rats subjected to 10 minutes of forebrain ischemia under normoglycemic, hyperglycemi
Relationships between subjective perception of indoor air quality, building characteristics, indoor exposures, and personal factors were studied in 225 female Swedish hospital workers. The prevalence of weekly complaints to do with dry air was 87% for air dryness, and 36% for static electricity. Such com plaints were more common in new and well ventilated buildings. The sensa tion of air dryness w
Popular Abstract in Swedish Fylogeografiska analyser omfattar studier av släktskap mellan geografiskt skilda individer och populationer i en art. Målsättningen är att hitta genetiska spår av storskaliga biogeografiska händelser och historiska evolutionära processer. Min avhandling inbegriper fylogeografiska studier av mellansork (Microtus oeconomus), vars utbredningsområde omfattar stora deThe root vole (Microtus oeconomus) is a rodent with Holarctic distribution. In fact, it is the only Microtus vole found in both Eurasia and North America. Phylogeographic analyses of the root vole from across its distribution range were performed using mitochondrial and Y chromosome DNA sequences. Mitochondrial cytochrome b gene data demonstrate that the root vole is divided i
