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Chemo-enzymatic epoxidation of oleic acid (OA) and its methyl ester has been performed using hydrogen peroxide and immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica (Novozym(R) 435). The purpose of the study was to characterize the reaction under solvent-free conditions. The reaction temperature had a significant impact on epoxidation of OA. At lower temperatures, the substrate conversion was hindered by

BACKGROUND: A previous study has shown that pentoxifylline in combination with vitamin E can reverse radiation-induced fibrosis. The aim of the present study is to investigate if the same drugs could prevent radiation-induced side-effects in women with breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel group trial was performed. Women with breast cancer w

Common diseases such as type 2 diabetes are phenotypically heterogeneous. Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, but patients vary appreciably in body mass index. We hypothesized that the genetic predisposition to the disease may be different in lean (BMI<25 Kg/m(2)) compared to obese cases (BMI >= 30 Kg/m(2)). We performed two case-control genome-wide studies using two accepted cut-o

Preclinical efficacy of continuous delivery of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) with adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors has recently been documented in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). So far, all studies have utilized a mix of two monocistronic vectors expressing either of the two genes, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and GTP cyclohydrolase-1 (GCH1), needed for DOPA production. Here, we p

Objective: To develop and assess the efficacy of a multimodal balance-enhancing exercise program (BEEP) designed to be regularly self-administered by community-dwelling elderly. The program aims to promote sensory reweighting, facilitate motor control, improve gaze stabilization, and stimulate continuous improvement by being constantly challenging. Method: Forty participants aged 60 to 80 years pe

The sector of residential buildings and service organizations uses 36% of the total energy in Sweden. In June 2006, it was decided by the Swedish parliament that the energy use in residential buildings and premises should decrease by 20% per heated unit area before 2020. To reach this goal, more energy efficient buildings must be produced as well as energy efficient improvements must be performed

A previously proposed model for non-stationary signals is extended in this contribution. The model consists of mul- tiple time-translated locally stationary processes. The opti- mal Ambiguity kernel for the process in mean-square-error sense is computed analytically and is used to estimate the time-frequency distribution. The performance of the kernel is compared with other commonly used kernels.

The first ESR spectroscopic evidence of a bimolecular homolytic substitution (SH2) reaction in a 77 K solid phase was presented, where radicals were substituted for the CH3 group of methylsilane and methylgermane (CH3XD3, X = Si, Ge). The radicals were generated by in situ UV-photolysis of CD3I in the solid CH3XD3 in an ESR cavity at 77 K. Using the selectively deuterium labeled compounds, it was

Anaerobic digestion would enable the energy potential of agricultural crop residues such as ley crops and sugar beet tops to be harnessed in Sweden. In the present study, the financial prospects of single-stage fed-batch high-solids digestion on three different scales, 51, 67, and 201 kW, were calculated on the basis of experimental results and observations. In addition to scale, the effects of me

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediates the toxicity of several environmental contaminants, e.g. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, and other halogenated hydrocarbons in vertebrates. This receptor initiates the transcription of several biotransformation enzymes, which in turn are responsible for causing severe harm to biological tissue. Here we describe the isolation and complete characteri

Statistical inference for extremes has been a subject of intensive research over the past couple of decades. One approach is based on modelling exceedances of a random variable over a high threshold with the generalized Pareto (GP) distribution. This has proved to be an important way to apply extreme value theory in practice and is widely used. We introduce a multivariate analogue of the GP distri

Introduction Fever is an integral part of the inflammatory response and has therefore likely a physiological role in fighting infections. Nevertheless, whether fever in itself is beneficial or harmful in adults is unknown. This protocol for a systematic review aims at identifying the beneficial and harmful effects of fever control interventions in adults. Methods and analysis This protocol for a s

A 4π radiation dosemeter for use in medical radiology was designed. It is based on a solid state silicon detector, a sensor wafer, a flex card, a 3D plastic holder and a spherical stainless steel filter with a distribution of holes around the detector. The detector is attached to the wafer using only low Z material. To achieve an energy and directional response which is as uniform as possible for

Background: An important aspect of research regarding the implementation of evidence-based practice is the sustainability and long-term stability of a programme. There is a need to measure these critical components for establishing successful programmes. Aim: The aim was to develop and pilot test the sustainable implementation scale (SIS) for measuring the critical components in the sustainable im

The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the enzymes produced by Trichoderma reesei Rut C30 and the good extracellular beta-glucosidase-producing mutant Trichoderma atroviride TUB F-1663 to that of commercial preparations in the enzymatic hydrolysis and the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of steam-pretreated spruce (SPS). The concentrated TUB F-1663 enzyme was f

The parameters affecting the lipase activity and operational lifetime during chemo-enzymatic epoxidation of fatty acids were investigated. Immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozym (R) 435) was incubated in the presence of various reaction components (i.e. toluene, water, H2O2, oleic acid, perpalmitic acid, and epoxystearic acid, respectively) at temperatures between 20 and 60 degrees C fol

During δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) based Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy (IPDT) a high light fluence rate is present close to the source fibers. This might induce an unintentional tissue temperature increase of importance for the treatment outcome. In a previous study, we have observed, that the absorption in the tissue increases during the treatment. A system to measure the local tissue tempera