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Predicting the risk of future events is an essential part of health economic simulation models. In pursuit of this goal, the current study aims to predict the risk of developing first and second acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, non-acute ischaemic heart disease, and stroke after diagnosis in patients with type 2 diabetes, using data from the Swedish National Diabetes Register.
Background: There is a great variability in licit prescription drug use in the population and among patients. Factors other than purely medical ones have proven to be of importance for the prescribing of licit drugs. For example, individuals with a high age, female gender and low socioeconomic status are more likely to use licit prescription drugs. However, these results have not been adjusted for
The standard model (SM) of particle physics is spectacularly successful, yet the measured value of the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g - 2)mu deviates from SM calculations by 3.6 sigma. Several theoretical models attribute this to the existence of a "dark photon," an additional U(1) gauge boson, which is weakly coupled to ordinary photons. The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Coll
This report focuses on models of chloride ingress into concrete that are based on mathematical solutions of Fick's second law. In recent years a lot of confusion has been identified concerning these models. In some cases time-dependencies of diffusivity have been used in a mathematically incorrect way. In other cases field and laboratory data from one way of describing the time-dependency of these
Predicted alterations in belowground plant-allocated C as a result of environmental change may cause compositional shifts in soil microbial communities, and it has been hypothesized that such alterations will influence C mitigation in forest ecosystems. In order to investigate to what degree living trees influence the abundance and activity of mycorrhizal fungi, saprotrophic fungi, and bacteria we
To identify prognostic factors after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT). We retrospectively reviewed the combined experience at Toronto General Hospital and Hospital Vall d'Hebron managing HCC recurrence after LT (n = 121) between 2000 and 2012. We analyzed prognostic factors by uni- and multi-variate analysis. Median follow-up from LT was 29.5 (range 2-129.
In the coming years, it is anticipated that if we continue with the same pace of energy consumption, communities will continue to face three major challenges; a mounting increase in energy demands, pollution, and global warming. On a local scale, Egypt is experiencing one of its most serious energy crises in decades. The energy consumed in indoor cooling and heating is the biggest portion of total
High PHA production and storage using palm oil mill effluent (POME) was investigated using a laboratory batch Bio-PORec (R) system under aerobic-feeding conditions. Results showed that maximum PHA was obtained at a specific rate (q(p)) of 0.343 C-mol/C-mol h when air was supplied at 20 ml/min. The PHA yield was found to be 0.80 C-mol/C-mol acetic acid (HAc) at microaerophilic condition and the mas
Den 11 september 2001 innebar början på en stor förändring i amerikansk inrikes och utrikespolitik. I kriget mot terrorismen har en omfattande diskriminering skett av icke-amerikanska medborgare både inom landets gränser såväl som utanför. För att rättfärdiga detta för sitt eget folk samt det internationella samfundet har man i politiken och retoriken skapat bilden av "den andre" som ett
Islands? characteristics provide several advantages as laboratory for studying 100% renewable energy sources (RES) systems. Their isolation makes them a ?unique laboratories, to gain knowledge and understanding of people/environment relationships? ; to prove its feasibility and acquire the needed knowledge for such systems to work; to be pioneer project, basis of other islands? projects and even a
BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study represents an external validation with model updating of the online DIGIROP-Prescreen and DIGIROP-Screen 2.0 prediction models, incorporating ≥14 days of parenteral nutrition as an additional predictor, to identify infants requiring treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a contemporary Swedish cohort, estimate potential cost savings and compare DIGIROP perfor
Germany’s current energy grid was built to match energy production from major power plants (coal, gas, nuclear). Due to the 2011 decision to exit all nuclear power until 2022 and ambitious national CO 2 reduction targets, the need to modernise and extend the grid has received substantial attention. In the past, implementation of grid extension projects had shown to be slow and raise serious pu
In Sweden, migrants suffer from poorer sexual and reproductive health than the general population due to exposures associated with pre- and post-migration process and difficulties that arise when meeting a new heath system. Health literacy is a term that is increasingly used for explaining people’s access to health preventive services, and where migrant populations has shown to possess lower level
In a pure and perfect market economy, unlawful State aids and Subsidies do not exist. The reality, either in the EU or in the rest of the world, is however different from this ideal market. Some state resources have been allocated to certain undertakings and businesses to support them in the recent time; this is broadly common not only throughout the EU but internationally. Therefore, the recovery
In the wake of the globalization, international tax planning structures has become vital for US investors in order to meet economic challenges and to survive on the competitive market. This research indicates that countries in Europe, such as Sweden and Switzerland, provide a favourable environment for US multinational corporations to set up holding companies as a way to enjoy benefits of legal ta
En fastighetsaffär är för många privatpersoner den överlägset största affären de gör i hela livet. Varje år säljs och köps småhus för över 124 miljarder. En undersökning från Länsförsäkringar visar att en tredjedel av alla köpare oroar sig för förekomsten av ”dolda fel” i den köpta fastigheten. Mot bakgrund av den oron är det inte så konstigt att konsumentrådgivningar och liknande organisationer fA real estate transaction is for many individuals by far the largest transaction they make throughout life. Each year, sold and bought houses makes up for a value of more than 124 billion SEK. A survey, by the insurance company Länsförsäkringar, shows that one third of all buyers are concerned about the existence of "latent defects" in the purchased property. Given the turmoil, it is not
Inadequate water infrastructural development and high costs of water are few of the many challenges that affect water access in Kibera. Consequently, many alternatives to piped water grew out of necessity to meet the needs of residents. The aim of this thesis is to examine the conditions that have led to poor water provision in Kibera and how transitions to improved water access can be achieved by
This thesis seeks to answer what causes some governments to restrict foreign funding to domestic civil society organizations while others do not. These repressive measures have increased significantly in all regions of the globe recently and existing research has yet to provide an encompassing explanation for the trend. Considering that neither foreign funding or government repression are exactly
