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A tumour grows when the total division (birth) rate of its cells exceeds their total mortality (death) rate. The capability for uncontrolled growth within the host tissue is acquired via the accumulation of driver mutations which enable the tumour to progress through various hallmarks of cancer. We present a mathematical model of the penultimate stage in such a progression. We assume the tumour ha
Music education research in Sweden and across the Nordic countries has investigated questions of cultural diversity in music education for several decades. Greater cultural diversity in music education has also been a longstanding curricular goal. While interest in broadening cultural diversity in music education has been high, the extent to which these aspirations have impacted singing repertoire
This Letter presents measurements of long-range transverse-momentum correlations using a new observable, v0(pT), serving as a probe of event-by-event radial-flow fluctuations, the underlying radial expansion, and the medium's properties in heavy-ion collisions. Results are reported for inclusive charged particles, pions, kaons, and protons across various centrality intervals in Pb-Pb collisions at
BACKGROUND: Accreditation of cancer centres aims to deliver high-quality, person-centered care and underscores the integration with education, research, and innovation. Over the past decade, cancer centres in the Nordic countries have engaged in accreditation processes through the Organisation of European Cancer Institutes (OECI).OBJECTIVE: This study provides an overview of a rapidly evolving lan
Culture and creativity are active but often overlooked processes in contemporary urbanisation. This paper contributes to scholarship on the cultural and creative industries, as well as urban placemaking on the margins, by adopting a placemaking approach in which artists are positioned at the centre of the analysis. The focus is on why artists choose to be located away from national cultural hubs,
Claims have recently been made for a 'mobilities paradigm' which is challenging the relative 'a-mobile' focus of much of the social sciences. The agenda drawn up for this mobilities paradigm is clearly based on Northern trends with little consideration of the South. African populations have always been mobile but little is known about the mobility of urban populations and in particular of the yout
The early Phanerozoic has long been thought to have witnessed a decline in the ocean dissolved silicon inventory, but direct, quantitative investigations of dissolved silicon concentrations are missing. Silicon isotope fractionation by modern siliceous sponges is known to be related to ambient seawater silicon concentrations, opening a potential window onto reconstructions of silicon concentration
This chapter examines the Iranian state-produced film The Golden Collars as a tool of regime propaganda, focusing on how it constructs narratives of heroes and villains within the context of the 2009 post-election protests. It shows how the Islamic Republic, through state media, portrays foreign intelligence services—particularly those of the United States, United Kingdom, and Israel—as orchestrat
Current strategies to reduce the climate impact of production and consumption are insufficient to meet the pressing targets of the Paris Agreement. To expand visions of the possible ‘solution space’ in climate transitions, we explore a framework based on two dichotomies centred around the role of labour and the composition of economic output. From these dichotomies we sketch out four pathways for
As a fluid age cohort and a social category between childhood and adulthood – and hence with tenuous links to the status quo – youth are variously described as ‘at risk’, as victims of precarious and unpredictable circumstances, or as agents of social change who embody the future. From this future-oriented generational perspective, youth are often mobilised to individually and collectively imagine
Background: Standardized definitions of autoimmune disease (AD) are lacking. Therefore, we aim to propose a definition of AD for register-based research and estimate the burden of AD in Sweden as registered in the National Patient Register (NPR) from 1980 to 2023. Methods: Leveraging the NPR, we defined AD as having at least two relevant International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes represe
This chapter investigates how the challenging questions and tensions caused by migrants and their universalist claims for inclusion, have been approached and resolved in liberal democracies. By regarding the development of populism as a real and dangerous political phenomenon that has significant traction, the chapter asks whether populism adds something new to this approach and resolution. More s
Behavioral, physiological, and life-history adaptations to the lunar cycle are global phenomena across trophic levels and ecosystems yet remain poorly understood because of the challenges of studying free-living organisms at night. We show that the lunar cycle regulates both daily foraging activity and foraging success in the red-necked nightjar-a nocturnal avian insectivore-and that moonless peri
Avner de Shalit argues that philosophers should listen to what the public thinks. He argues that by engaging with people in the streets, political philosophy will improve. Yet, what makes the public special in this regard? This response will do three things. First, it asks whether discussing with the public differs in any meaningful way from discussing with other people such as colleagues or stude
How long do fungal hyphae persist in the environment? And how does this differ betweengroups and species of fungi? Despite growing knowledge of fungal contributions to decom-position and soil carbon cycles, surprisingly little is known about the turnover of mycelia:What happens to fungal hyphae over time? And how this impacts different fungi’s contribu-tion to carbon sequestration?In this study, w
Fire has shaped terrestrial ecosystems for hundreds of millions of years. Human activities dramatically shift natural fire regimes, leading to adverse conservation impacts that are projected to increase in severity. Many animals appear ill-equipped to face these drastic changes, and they may be unable to adapt rapidly enough. In contrast, behavioural plasticity could offer a faster solution to ach
