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Nocturnal animals relying on vision typically have eyes that are optically and morphologically adapted for both increased sensitivity and greater information capacity in dim light [1]. Here, we investigate whether adaptations for increased sensitivity also are found in their photoreceptors by using closely related and fast-flying nocturnal and diurnal bees as model animals. The nocturnal bee Megal

Maternal hormones can have substantial phenotypic effects in the progeny of many vertebrates. It has been proposed that mothers adaptively adjust hormone levels experienced by particular young to optimize their reproductive output. In birds, systematic variation in egg hormone levels has been related to different female reproductive strategies. Because in many bird species prospects of the offspri

SPECT projections are contaminated by scatter, resulting in reduced image contrast and quantitative errors. When tissue is present behind the source, some of the detected photons backscatter via this tissue. Particularly in dual-isotope SPECT and in combined emission-transmission SPECT, backscatter constitutes a major part of the down-scatter contamination in lower-energy windows. In this paper, t

Six species of Candelariella with polysporous asci are recognized from western North America. The species are: C. borealis sp. nov., C. efflorescens, C. lutella, C. placodizans, C. vitellina and C. xanthostigma. Candelariella vitellina is lectotypified. A key to the polysporous species in western North America is provided and their distribution in the study area is mapped.

Objectives. Our aim was to identify a group of patients with clinical signs of tonsillitis to whom antibiotics could be prescribed without further diagnostic actions, and to compare the outcome of clinical assessment with the result of an antigen detection test using culture as the gold standard. Methods. During two winter months, patients aged >=4 years attending for sore throat at three primary

A humus soil with a pH(H2O) of 4.9 was limed to a pH of 7.5 and was incubated together with samples from unlimed and field limed (pH 6.1) soils at 5, 20 and 30degreesC for up to 80 days. The changes in the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) pattern were most rapid for the bacterial community of the soil incubated at 30degreesC, while no changes were found in the soil incubated at 5degreesC. The respon

In this review we discuss the influence of chaperones on the general phenomena of folding as well as on the specific folding of an individual protein, MHC class I. MHC class I maturation is a highly sophisticated process in which the folding machinery of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is heavily involved. Understanding the MHC class I maturation per se is important since peptides loaded onto MHC c

PURPOSE: In an experimental study in rats a correlation between nutritional status and hepatic attenuation in CT and signal intensities in MR imaging was shown. Is physiological nutritional status of importance in clinical CT and MR imaging? MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a cross-over study including 12 healthy volunteers (6 women and 6 men, mean age 34 years), CT and MR imaging of the liver were perfor

A group of oncologists and hospital physicists have estimated the number of patients in Sweden suitable for proton beam therapy. The estimations have been based on current statistics of tumour incidence, number of patients potentially eligible for radiation treatment, scientific support from clinical trials and model dose planning studies and knowledge of the doseresponse relations of different tu

In this study the effect of strontium substitution on the hydrolysis of alpha-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) toward the formation of calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) was investigated. For that purpose substituted alpha-TCP powders with 1, 5 and 10 mol% Sr substitution for Ca were synthesized by reacting at 1500 degrees C stoichiometric amounts of CaCO3, SrCO3, and Ca2P2O7, followed by rap

Modifications to a model describing swash motion based on solutions to the non-linear shallow water equations were made to account for interaction between up-rush and back-wash at the still water shoreline and within the swash zone. Inputs to the model are wave heights and arrival times at the still water shoreline. The model was tested against wave groups representing idealized vessel-generated w

Environmental manipulation experiments showed that species respond individualistically to each environmental-change variable. The greatest responses of plants were generally to nutrient, particularly nitrogen, addition. Summer warming experiments showed that woody plant responses were dominant and that mosses and lichens became less abundant. Responses to warming were controlled by moisture availa

The reason for moving from one library system to another or from one generation of a library system to the next must be to improve the library's ability to serve its users in a better and more effective way. An integrated library system, today, is very complex and multi-moduled, which makes it difficult to distinguish one system from another. The article describes the long and bumpy road from the

This study investigated whether the relation between implicit and explicit homonegativity measures is affected by self-presentation concerns, since previous research in this area has been inconclusive. In Experiment 1, 70 high-school students made evaluative ratings of pictures of homosexual and heterosexual couples. Self-presentation was manipulated by either instructing participants that the stu

The Fourier transform gas-phase IR spectrum of isoxazole, C3H3NO, between 550 and 1700 cm(-1) was measured with a resolution of ca. 0.003 cm(-1). Ten fundamental bands in the region 800-1700 cm(-1) have been analyzed by the Watson Hamiltonian model to yield upper state spectroscopic constants. A number of local resonances have been identified in the bands and explained qualitatively, and the unobs