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Conjugated polymer/fullerene-based solar cells are, due to their potential flexibility, cost efficiency and low weight, interesting as future alternatives to today’s silicon cells [1]. In these cells, both the dissociation of the polymer exciton into extractable charges, i.e. charges that are free and mobile, and the recombination of the free charges are expected to be crucial in order to obtain h

The study investigates how the early nineteenth century invention of comparative-historical linguistics affected European ethnohistoric thought, and how this process altered ethnohistorical research on the early, pre-Christian history of the Nordic region. The case study of the Nordic region (Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Estonia) includes the discipline histories of Finno-Ugric st

We present how dramatically the nonequilibrium nature of an oppsitely charged polyelectrolyte/surfactant mixture can affect the interfacial properties. We show for the first time that the cliff edge peak in the surface tension of the poly(diallydimethylammonium chloride)/sodium dodecyl surfate system is produced as a direct result of depletion of surface-active material from the bulk solution due

In this thesis, Carl Sagan’s television series and book Cosmos is studied. Theories and concepts from literary studies (and related fields) are used to analyze the so-called “cosmic perspective”. The cosmic perspective is shown to be complex, composed of four different but related perspectives: space; time; humanity and cosmic evolution; and history of science and exploration. A number of ambiguit

There have been many studies that deal with the poet Nizar Qabbani, as he is one of the poets who revolutionized in the Arab world in terms of addressing controversial issues in politics and society. He is also well-known for his powerful defence of women and his profuse mentioning of them in his poems. It is a recognized fact that Nizar’s poetic style is abundant in renewal and beauty, that his l

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka de narcissistiska dragen hos tre romankaraktärer: Dorian Gray i Oscar Wildes Dorian Grays porträtt (1890), dvärgen i Pär Lagerkvists Dvärgen (1944) och Marcel i Björn Larssons Drömmar vid havet (1997). Narcissism definieras som ett personlighetsdrag som utmärks av grandiositet, behov av beundran och bristande empati, och som bottnar i en inre känsla av skaThe purpose of this paper is to explore the narcissistic traits in three fictional characters: Dorian Gray in Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890), the dwarf in Pär Lagerkvist’s The Dwarf (1944), and Marcel in Björn Larsson’s Dreams by the Sea (1997). Narcissism is defined as a personality trait characterized by grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy, stemming from an inn

4D printing is a development in additive manufacturing that enables 3D printed objects to transform over time in response to environmental stimuli. This research investigates the architectural viability of large-scale fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing of thermoplastics onto stretched textiles, which retract and warp into 3D structures upon release. Employing an iterative research-by-desi

Galaxies are complex objects, yet the number of independent parameters to describe them remains unknown. We present here a non-parametric method to estimate the intrinsic dimensionality of large data sets. We apply it to wide-band photometric data drawn from the COSMOS2020 catalogue and a comparable mock catalogue from the HORIZON-AGN simulation. Our galaxy catalogues are limited in signal-to-nois

This study investigated the molecular basis of disease severity in acute pyelonephritis (APN), a common and potentially life-threatening bacterial infection. Two cohorts of infants with febrile urinary tract infection were included. Renal involvement was defined by DMSA scans and molecular disease determinants by gene expression analysis and proteomic screens, at diagnosis and after 6 mo. Innate i

Immune function varies widely across humans. Biological sex is a key factor underlying human immune variability, with men presenting with more severe infections and increased cancer rates, while women exhibit higher vaccine responses and prevalence of autoimmunity. Intrinsic biological sex differences arise from varying contributions of chromosomal sex, and sex hormone sensing and downstream signa

Capillary leak syndrome is a serious postoperative complication in neonates and infants after open-heart surgery for CHD. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sternal opening width and the occurrence of capillary leak syndrome in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with delayed sternal closure.We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of neonates and infants (aged

Då det intellektuella kapitalet utgör en viktig del av ett företags totala tillgångar, har vi valt att undersöka hur hanteringen och styrningen av detta kapital ser ut i verkligheten. Dessutom ville vi se om våra undersökningsföretag skulle kunna förbättra sin hantering av IK genom att tillämpa de modeller som finns på området. De modeller vi valt att titta närmare på är Skandia Navigator, The Int

Studies showing that large-scale public health interventions in early life have lasting economic consequences are still scarce and rarely disclose the mechanisms. Being born in a hospital versus having a traditional birth attendant at home represents the most common early life policy change worldwide. Knowing the consequences of this policy is also important given the ongoing enlargement of matern

This article addresses the question whether maternal mortality should be excluded from the study of excess female mortality. This phenomenon points to lower survival chances for women in certain age groups as opposed to men in the same age group. The existence of excess female mortality has been established for a number of European countries, primarily for the nineteenth century period, and it has

That export-led industry sets the wage norm for the whole economy, acting as the “wage leader”, is a celebrated part of the Swedish wage bargaining and labour market model. Export- led wage leadership is assumed to lead to controlled, non-inflationary wage increases, as wages are set with international competition in mind. This paper maps the origins of this export industry wage leadership model,