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Introduction: Rates of delivery by cesarean section have gradually risen in many parts of the world, and it is regarded as a safe surgical procedure with expanded indications. We assessed maternal complications within 6 weeks postpartum after planned cesarean section and after planned vaginal delivery among patients without medical indication for cesarean section. Material and methods: This was a

Background: Existing working heart models for ex vivo functional evaluation of donor hearts often use cardiac afterloads made up of discrete resistive and compliant elements. This approach limits the practicality of independently controlling systolic and diastolic aortic pressure to safely test the heart under multiple loading conditions. We present and investigate a novel afterload concept design

While prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution has been shown to be associated with reduced birth weight, there is substantial heterogeneity across studies, and few epidemiological studies have utilized source-specific exposure data. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to investigate the associations between local, source-specific exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during pregn

Nanowire growth enables creation of embedded heterostructures, where one material is completely surrounded by another. Through materials-selective post-growth oxidation it is also possible to combine amorphous oxides and crystalline, e.g. III-V materials. Such oxide-embedded structures pose a challenge for compositional characterization through transmission electron microscopy since the materials

This paper presents an implementation for a baseband massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) application-specific instruction set processor (ASIP). The ASIP is geared with vector processing capabilities in the form of single instruction multiple data (SIMD), and furthermore exploits instruction level parallelism by employing a very large instruction word (VLIW) architecture. Additionally, a

Today, the advances in airborne LIDAR technology provide high-resolution datasets that allow specialists to detect archaeological features hidden under wooded areas more efficiently. Still, the complexity and large scale of these datasets require automated analysis. In this respect, artificial intelligence (AI)-based analysis has recently created an alternative approach for interpreting remote sen

Characteristic modes of arbitrary 2-D periodic systems are analyzed using scattering parameter data. This approach bypasses the need for periodic integral equations and allows for characteristic modes to be computed from generic simulation or measurement data. Example calculations demonstrate the efficacy of the method through comparison against a periodic method of moments (MoM) formulation for a

mmWave communication has come up as the unexplored spectrum for 5G services. With new standards for 5G NR positioning, more off-the-shelf platforms and algorithms are needed to perform indoor positioning. An object can be accurately positioned in a room either by using an angle and a delay estimate or two angle estimates or three delay estimates. We propose an algorithm to jointly estimate the ang

Open science aims to improve research accessibility, replicability, and consequently its quality. Empirical software engineering entails both data and artifacts, which may be shared more or less openly, to support transparency. However, the trade-offs involved in balancing the openness against integrity and secrecy concerns need methodological guidance. Aim. We aim to derive such advice, based on

Optimal inverse design, including topology optimization and evaluation of fundamental bounds on performance, which was introduced in Part 1, is applied to various antenna design problems. A memetic scheme for topology optimization combines local and global techniques to accelerate convergence and maintain robustness. Method-of-moments (MoMs) matrices are used to evaluate objective functions and al

This paper presents tractable two parameter stochastic processes of the drift-diffusion class in order to model economic processes with a focus on income. Starting from the resulting closed-form, cross-sectional distributions, easy-to-interpret expressions for mobility and inequality (including the popular Gini-coefficient) are derived. The general processes are applied to discuss income mobility

This paper proposes an alternative semi-analytical Fourier modal method adapted for general periodic anisotropic gratings made of dielectrics with moderate to low index profiles corresponding to materials ranging from conventional dielectric 3D printing materials to ceramic materials. The proposed method is closely related to classical Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis built on scattering matrices, h

The number of degrees of freedom is a crucial parameter in many electromagnetic problems. In for example modern communication systems spatial diversity is often employed through multiple beams to enhance capacity and reliability. However, while the degrees of freedom can be computed, their connection to physical quantities is not as easily understood. To address this issue, this paper proposes a s

Aiming for the sixth generation (6G) wireless communications, distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems hold significant potential for spatial multiplexing. In order to evaluate the ability of a distributed massive MIMO system to spatially separate closely spaced users, this paper presents an indoor channel measurement campaign. The measurements are carried out at a carrier

Battery-free IoT devices are becoming increasingly interesting for environmental and practical reasons, with ambient backscatter as one of the candidate technologies. We present a class of balanced transmission patterns for ambient backscatter communication (BSC) and evaluate their performance under different signal-to-interference ratios and fading conditions. These patterns allow for bit synchro

In this paper, we develop an uncertainty-aware decision-making and motion-planning method for an autonomous ego vehicle in forced merging scenarios, considering the motion uncertainty of surrounding vehicles. The method dynamically captures the uncertainty of surrounding vehicles by online estimation of their acceleration bounds, enabling a reactive but rapid understanding of the uncertainty chara

This paper gives an overview of the approach of working methods at the Aedas R&D Computational Design and Research [CDR] Group. It first contextualizes research in architectural practice and tries to propose an explanation for the difficulties in implementing it; then explains the evolution of the groups' computing approach from bespoke to heuristic sets of lightweight applications. It conclud

Background: To support care after discharge following surgery for anorectal malformations (ARM) and Hirschsprung's disease (HD), an eHealth device was invented, offering families bilateral communication through chat, photo, questionaries and video. Aim: To explore the impact of eHealth on postoperative patterns of expert consultation, complications and treatment after discharge following surgery f

Over recent years many urban areas have experienced severe floods caused by extreme precipitation events. To avoid the devastating socioeconomic and environmental consequences of such floods, countries have issued laws or recommendations on flood risk assessment in urban planning. However, these laws or recommendations seldom include detailed requirements on input data quality or explicit instruct

With the emergence of autonomous vehicles comes the requirement of adequate and rigorous testing, particularly in critical scenarios that are both challenging and potentially hazardous. Generating synthetic simulation-based critical scenarios for testing autonomous vehicles has therefore received considerable interest, yet it is unclear how such scenarios relate to the actual crash or near-crash s