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Background: Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) are community health workers responsible for improving the health status of people by facilitating their access to healthcare services. The life skills of ASHA are known to be effective in negotiating behaviour change in the community; however, there has been a meagre focus towards improving them. Considering this gap, we adopted a comprehensiv

Non-invasive imaging biomarkers (IBs) are warranted to enable improved diagnostics and follow-up monitoring of interstitial lung disease (ILD) including drug-induced ILD (DIILD). Of special interest are IB, which can characterize and differentiate acute inflammation from fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a PET-tracer specific for Collagen-I, combined with multi-echo MRI, in a

The global spread of antibiotic resistance among Enterobacteriaceae is largely due to multidrug resistance plasmids that can transfer between different bacterial strains and species. Horizontal gene transfer of resistance plasmids can complicate hospital outbreaks and cause problems in epidemiological tracing, since tracing is usually based on bacterial clonality. We have developed a method, based

Background: Block-sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM), commercially Q. Clear (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA), is a reconstruction algorithm that allows for a fully convergent iterative reconstruction leading to higher image contrast compared to conventional reconstruction algorithms, while also limiting noise. The noise penalization factor β controls the trade-off between n

Background: The optimal surgical excision margins are uncertain for patients with thick (>2 mm) localised cutaneous melanomas. In our previous report of this multicentre, randomised controlled trial, with a median follow-up of 6·7 years, we showed that a narrow excision margin (2 cm vs 4 cm) did not affect melanoma-specific nor overall survival. Here, we present extended follow-up of this cohort.

Expression of mRNAs for neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its receptor subtypes Y1 (Y1-R), Y2 (Y2-R) and Y5 (Y5-R) was studied in adult rat brain using in situ hybridization after 40 rapidly recurring seizures induced with 5-min interval by hippocampal kindling stimulations. At 2-4 h post-seizure, NPY mRNA levels were markedly elevated in dentate granule cells, CA1 and CA3 pyramidal layers, amygdala and pi

Cellular localization and tissue levels of BDNF protein were studied using immunocytochemistry and enzyme immunoassay, respectively, in the cortex and striatum at different reperfusion times (0-24 h) after 2 h of unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. The distribution of neuronal injury was analyzed in NeuN-, cresyl violet-, and Fluoro-Jade-stained sections. At 2 h postischemi

Monitoring soil moisture at the Earth'surface is of great importance for drought early warnings. Spaceborne remote sensing is a keystone in monitoring at continental scale, as satellites can make observations of locations which are scarcely monitored by ground-based techniques. In recent years, several soil moisture products for continental scale monitoring became available from the main space age

Raney nickel-2H2O exchange reaction on an epimeric mixture of methyl α/β-D-ribofuranoside [α/β = ∼3:10]1 produced methyl 1#,2,3,4#,5,5′-2H6-α/β-ribofuranoside 2 [97 atom % 2H at C2, C3, C5/5′; ∼85 atom % 2H at C4 (C4#); ∼20 atom % 2H at C1(C1#)] which was obtained in 60 – 80 % yield along with epimeric xylo and arabino by-products. Toluoylation of the crude 2 in dry pyridine and a careful separati

The paper discusses how families affected by Typhoon Haiyan have been involved in housing reconstruction in the Philippines and the potential for the use of medium-rise buildings. Case study methodology was conducted based on data collected three months after Typhoon Haiyan. Reconstruction projects show different degrees of users involvement such as “reparation of previous makeshift shelter,”“shel

OBJECTIVES:To report the initial experience of an international group of investigators in identifying mutations in the BRCA1 breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene, to assess the spectrum of such mutations in samples from patients with different family histories of cancer, and to determine the frequency of recurrent mutations.DESIGN:Nine laboratories in North America and the United Kingdom

Background: The optimal criteria to diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remain contested. The Swedish National Board of Health introduced the 2013 WHO criteria in 2015 as a recommendation for initiation of treatment for hyperglycaemia during pregnancy. With variation in GDM screening and diagnostic practice across the country, it was agreed that the shift to new guidelines should be in a

To study the biochemistry of processing of a soluble protein Ag by an APC, we investigated how 125 I-labeled human insulin (HI) is processed in situ by TA3 mouse hybridoma B cells. Fractionation of TA3 cells into their extracellular, plasma membrane-associated and intracellular compartments coupled with the use o

In this work, the possibility of using planar droplet sizing (PDS) based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and Mie scattering was investigated within the framework of measuring the droplet Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) spray systems. For this purpose, LIF and Mie signals of monodisperse fuel droplets produced by a droplet generator were studied at engine re

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattningAluminium används för en stor mängd produkter, allt från hus och i fordon till såvardagliga produkter som aluminiumburkar. Det breda användningsområdet beror på aluminiumets höga hållfasthet, lätta vikt och dess goda korrosionsmotståndighet. Korrosionsmotståndet beror på att när aluminium exponeras för luft bildas ett aluminiumoxidskikt på ytan, vilket skyddar aluAbstractIn this thesis, the electrochemical deposition process of Sn into ordered nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide (NP-AAO) have been studied. The deposition process was studied in situ using the X-ray techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), Grazing incidence Transmission Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (GTSAXS), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) and ex situ usin

Introduction and hypothesis: The objective was to compare the effect of antibiotics versus no antibiotics prophylaxis per-operatively on the frequency of urinary tract infection (UTI) following mid-urethral sling application to treat stress or mixed urinary incontinence. Methods: This study was designed as a multicenter prospective randomized trial. Women were included from eight centers in three