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The European Randomised study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) has shown significant reductions in prostate cancer mortality after 9 years and 11 years of follow-up, but screening is controversial because of adverse events such as overdiagnosis. We provide updated results of mortality from prostate cancer with follow-up to 2010, with analyses truncated at 9, 11, and 13 years.
RATIONALE: The alveolar pathology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves antigen-driven immune events. However, the induction sites of alveolar adaptive immune responses have remained poorly investigated. OBJECTIVES: To explore the hypothesis that interfaces between the alveolar lumen and lymphoid aggregates (LAs) provide a structural basis for increased alveolar antigen uptake i
Patients with chronic renal failure show a greater incidence of malignancies. We evaluated whether moderately impaired renal function at baseline influenced risk of all cancers during long-term follow in young persons. Our cohort included 33,346 subjects, aged 26-61 years at baseline, in a representative, population-based study enrolling subjects from 1974 to 1992. Median follow-up time was 28 yea
Avian blood parasites have been preliminarily studied in East Asia, but no data are available from long-term monitoring. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, genetic diversity, and temporal dynamics of Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, and Leucocytozoon in two passerine communities (one forest and one urban) in north China from 2008 to 2013, as well as the association between infected lin
Previous studies have suggested that amplification of genes, notably the TOP2A gene, on chromosome arm 17q may be important for the development of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST). In order to study the frequency, distribution, and chromosomal organization of rearrangements at 17q, interphase and metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to evaluate copy number
Based on the body of evidence implicating ocular blood flow disturbances in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, there is great interest in the investigation of the effects of antiglaucoma drugs and systemic medications on the various ocular vascular beds. The primary aim of this article was to review the current data available on the effects of antiglaucoma drugs and systemic medications on ocular blood
BACKGROUND:: In soft tissue sarcoma, better distinction of high-risk and low-risk patients is needed to individualize treatment and improve survival. Prognostic systems used in clinical practice identify high-risk patients based on various factors, including age, tumor size and depth, histological type, necrosis, and grade. METHODS:: Whole-tumor sections from 239 soft tissue sarcomas of the extrem
Purpose: To assess performance of a biomarker-based score that predicts the five-year risk of diabetes (Diabetes Risk Score, DRS) in an independent cohort that included 15-year follow-up. Method: DRS was developed on the Inter99 cohort, and validated on the Botnia cohort. Performance was benchmarked against other risk-assessment tools comparing calibration, time to event analysis, and net reclassi
Offentlig upphandling handlar om hur den offentliga sektorn ska agera vid inköp och har därmed en betydande påverkan på samhällsekonomin. Essentiella samhällsfunktioner som exempelvis sjukvård och skolor tillgodoses genom offentlig upphandling. Eftersom inköpen görs via skattemedel har samhällsmedborgare ett intresse av att förfarandet går rätt till. Vidare har leverantörer ett intresse av att förPublic procurement concerns how the public sector should act when making purchases and therefore has a great impact on the national economy. Fundamental societal functions such as healthcare and education are supported through public procurement. Because these purchases are made using tax revenue, citizens have an interest in ensuring that the procedure is conducted properly. Moreover, suppliers h
A prototype Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) setup based on a Deuterium-Tritium (DT) neutron generator is under development at Lund University. It serves as proof-of-principle for NAA based on a Compact Accelerator-driven Neutron Source. One purpose of the setup is to test the possibility of providing environmental monitoring of pure alpha-emitters for the European Spallation Source currently und
Microplastic particles are of increasing environmental concern around the globe and recent studies have shown that these particles are present in the entire water column, thus affecting a range of zooplankton including copepods that have a vital role in the marine food web. This study investigated whether microplastic beads have an effect in the filtration rate in the copepod Acartia tonsa, which
Denna uppsats argumenterar för behovet av mer forskning, förståelse och medvetenhet kring destruktiva konsekvenser av ledarskap. Företag drabbas i dag av nedskärningar, stora förändringar och hög grad av arbetsbelastning. Dessa faktorer skapar tillsammans en grogrund för mellanmänskliga konflikter inom företagen, varför ledarskap får sig en allt större och mer betydelsefull roll. Genom att utforsk
Over the last decades, Sino-African diplomatic relations have undergone various changes, corresponding with China’s strategic objectives in and with the respective countries. Under the Xi administration, China’s approach to diplomacy has focussed on the quest of becoming a major global power while, or rather through, upholding its traditional values. This paper seeks to analyse how the current dis
This study analyzes the influence techniques applied when hijacking an organizational crisis in order to construct a larger narrative about Sweden. By applying the concepts of narration, mythical speech and moral culture, the study investigates which narrative techniques are applied to generate engagement in disinformation narratives. This was done through conducting a qualitative content analysis
Representationskompetensen hos den verkställande direktören i svenska aktiebolag regleras genom 8 kap. 36 § ABL och därigenom rekvisitet ”löpande förvaltning” i 8 kap. 29 § ABL. Vad denna löpande förvaltning omfattar är dock inte helt tydligt och kan variera kraftigt mellan olika typer av bolag och situationer. Detta kan skapa såväl praktiska som juridiska problem för både bolag och den verkställaThe legal capacity for Chief Executive Officers (CEO) in Swedish corporations is regulated through the legal condition “everyday operations” in Chapter 8, 36 § of the Swedish Companies Act of 2005. What is meant with “everyday operations” is not completely clear and can vary massively between different kinds of companies and situations. This may cause problems from both a practical and a jurisdict
X-ray phase-contrast imaging is a powerful technique that allows great resolving power for low absorbing samples, such as biological tissue. This method relies on measuring the phase shift induced by the sample instead of the absorption traditional radiography relies on. This phase shift is measured as an intensity modulation at the detector and by using various algorithms one can obtain informati
Arktis står inför stora förändringar i samband med rådande klimat- och miljöförändringar, där de arktiska kusterna är utsatta. Förändringar i temperatur, havsnivå, stormar och havsisens utbredning är några av de faktorer som spelar in i hur kusterna och stränderna kan förändras. Syftet med studien är att först översiktligt se vilka kustmorfologiska förändringar som sker i Arktis idag och huruvida The Arctic is facing great changes due to current climate changes, where the Arctic coasts are especially vulnerable. Changes in temperature, mean sea level, storms and sea ice extent are some of the factors that shape how the coasts and beaches can be changed. The purpose of this study is firstly to examine what changes the Arctic coasts are experiencing today and whether they can be correlated t
Landskapet Dalarna i södra centrala Sverige uppvisar en stor variation av kvartärgeologiska sediment och landformer, bildade från deglaciationen i tidig Holocen och senare. Ett speciellt deglaciationsmönster, tillsammans med unika hydrologiska förhållanden, har lämnat utrymme för spekulationer över paleo-miljömässiga förhållandena under det tidiga Holocen. Siljanbassängen, belägen i det södra randThe Dalarna province in south-central Sweden shows a great variety of geological evidence from the Late Quaternary. A peculiar deglaciation pattern, along with unique hydrological conditions, has left a lot of space for speculations over the palaeoenvironmental conditions during the early Holocene. Lake Siljan is in the southern perimeter of the Siljan impact structure, the most prominent in Europ
This research advances the theoretical knowledge of the entrepreneurial process by investigating opportunity recognition, evaluation and exploitation in the context of prototyping. In particular, this thesis studies if, how and why the phenomenon changes the new venture creation process. Eight in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with founders of startups offering a digital solution
