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BACKGROUND: The forced oscillation technique (FOT) provides detailed information about the mechanics of the respiratory system, while requiring minimal co-operation by the patient. FOT may be abnormal in subjects with normal spirometry and appears to be more closely related to airway symptoms. It is, therefore, attractive in epidemiological studies, where a large number of different examinations a
AIMS: Our aim was to study the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a population-based cohort of Swedish and Iraqi born individuals, focussing on traditional risk factors, insulin action, insulin secretion and ethnicity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cohort consisted of 1164 Iraqi and 693 Swedish-born citizens. We investigated the association between new-onset type 2 diabetes and the predictors including l
The MEDIM study reports that Immigrants from the Middle East to Sweden – independently of other diabetes related risk factors – have a twice as high type 2 diabetes risk as compared to non-immigrated Swedes. Diabetes onset occurs 6 years earlier in this group and is partly explained by family history and/or obesity. But the MEDIM study has identified that Middle Eastern background per se is an ind
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to monitor how the blood perfusion in human upper eyelids is affected during full-thickness blepharotomy.METHODS: Seven eyelids in 5 patients with upper eyelid retraction due to Graves' disease underwent full-thickness blepharotomy. Perfusion was measured using laser speckle contrast imaging in the eyelid margin and in the conjunctival pedicle.RESULTS: Immediatel
Transfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are emerging small noncoding RNAs that, although commonly altered in cancer, have poorly defined roles in tumorigenesis1. Here we show that pseudouridylation (Ψ) of a stem cell-enriched tRF subtype2, mini tRFs containing a 5′ terminal oligoguanine (mTOG), selectively inhibits aberrant protein synthesis programmes, thereby promoting engraftment and differentiat
Fe(III) complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands belong to the rare examples of Earth-abundant transition metal complexes with long-lived luminescent charge-transfer excited states that enable applications as photosensitizers for charge separation reactions. We report three new hexa-NHC complexes of this class: [Fe(brphtmeimb)2]PF6(brphtmeimb = [(4-bromophenyl)tris(3-methylimidazol-2-yl
Astrocytes are one of the major cell types in the central nervous system and are indispensable for brain development and function. The human brain and human astrocytes have unique structures and functions that are not present in other animal species. Studies of fundamental astrocyte biology in humans and their role in neurological disease have been hindered by shortage of native human astrocytes f
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest malignancies and potentially curable only with radical surgical resection at early stages. The tumor microenvironment has been shown to be central to the development and progression of PDAC.A better understanding of how early human PDAC metabolically communicates with its environment and differs from healthy pancreas could help improve
BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR), a common condition in the westernized world, is suggested to be more immunologically complex than the archetypical 'Th2' inflammation. New approaches are needed to decode this complexity.AIMS/OBJECTIVES: In this study, we explored a novel histology-based analysis for circulating blood leukocyte profiling in 16 patients with seasonal AR outside and during the pol
To evaluate the hemostatic system with ROTEM in patients undergoing surgery for acute type aortic dissection (ATAAD) using elective aortic procedures as controls. This was a prospective, controlled, observational study. The study was performed at a tertiary referral center and university hospital. Twenty-three patients with ATAAD were compared to 20 control patients undergoing elective surgery of
Background: The risk of adults with a congenital heart defect (ACHD) developing heart failure, stroke, arrhythmias, and the need for valve replacement is increased compared to healthy peers. Evidence for the use of novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC) in this patient group is still lacking and vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are the primary choice for patients with a mechanical valve. The present aim was
Previous studies have demonstrated that environmental and temporal factors may affect the incidence of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Here, we aimed to investigate the hypothesis that national holidays and weekends influence the incidence of surgery for ATAAD. For the period 1st of January 2005 until 31st of December 2019, we investigated a hypothesised effect of (country-specific) nation
Budding off from the broader developmental biology and stem cell research fields, cellular reprogramming is now established as a prominent discipline in its own right. Direct cell reprogramming is defined as the cell fate conversion of a somatic cell toward another identity without a pluripotent intermediate state. In addition to the opportunity for mechanistic dissection of lineage commitment in
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are intrinsically able to self-organize into cerebral organoids that mimic features of developing human brain tissue. These three-dimensional structures provide a unique opportunity to generate cytoarchitecture and cell-cell interactions reminiscent of human brain complexity in a dish. However, current in vitro brain organoid methodologies often result in intra
Infrared laser-induced grating spectroscopy (IR-LIGS) is a powerful method for the detection of molecules in atmospheric and combustion chemistry by exploiting their strong and species-specific fundamental vibrations. This work discusses potentials and limitations of the method.
