Search results

Background: End-stage renal disease is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events. It is unknown, however, whether mild-to-moderate kidney dysfunction is causally related to coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Methods: Observational analyses were conducted using individual-level data from 4 population data sources (Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, EPIC-CVD [European Prospective

Gastric cancer represents a serious health problem worldwide, with insufficient molecular biomarkers and therapeutic options. Consequently, several efforts have been directed towards finding specific disease markers in order to develop new therapies capable of defeating gastric cancer. Attention has been pointed to cancer stem cells (CSCs) as they are primarily responsible for tumor initiation and

Blind or low-vision (BLV) individuals often have reduced independent mobility, yet new aids fails in increasing it, are not adopted enough, or both. A major cause is a severe deficiency in how mobility aids are assessed in the field: there are no established methods or measures and those used often have poor relevancy, insight affordances, and reproducibility; probing how actual BLV participants r

Starting from a single layer of NbS2 grown on graphene by molecular beam epitaxy, the single unit cell thick 2D materials Nb5/3S3-2D and Nb2S3-2D are created using two different pathways. Either annealing under sulfur-deficient conditions at progressively higher temperatures or deposition of increasing amounts of Nb at elevated temperature result in phase-pure Nb5/3S3-2D followed by Nb2S3-2D. The

Two ultimately thin vanadium-rich 2D materials based on VS2 are created via molecular beam epitaxy and investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The controlled synthesis of stoichiometric single-layer VS2 or either of the two vanadium-rich materials is achieved by varying the sample coverage and sulfur pres

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in the tumor microenvironment are prognostically beneficial in many solid cancer types. Reports on TLS in high-grade serous tubo-ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) are few, and the prognostic impact is unclear. We investigated mature TLS (mTLS), immature TLS (iTLS) and lymphoid aggregates (LA) in primary adnexal tumors (PTs) and synchronous omental/peritoneal metastases (p

In this study, a report is prepared on significantly low specific contact resistivity of alloyed and non-alloyed ohmic contacts fabricated on an as-grown n+-GaN layer and measured with the transfer length method. A low ρc = 8 × 10−8 Ω cm2 is extracted for the alloyed Ti/Al/Ni/Au, and ρc = 4 × 10−7 Ω cm2 for the unannealed Ti/Pd/Au. To achieve these, a highly doped n+-GaN layer with ND = 1.5 × 1019

In clinical practice, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), a measurement of kidney functioning, is normally calculated using equations, such as the European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) equation. Despite being the most general equation, EKFC, just like previously proposed approaches, can still struggle to achieve satisfactory performance, limiting its clinical applicability. As a possible so

Background: Tissue factor (TF), encoded by the F3 gene, is the main initiator of blood coagulation. The molecular epidemiology of the F3 gene and the relation to venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains to be determined. Objectives: The aim was to determine the molecular epidemiology and the importance of F3 variants for incident VTE by analysis of the population-based MDC study (Malmö Diet and Cancer

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a rheumatic disorder that causes chronic joint inflammation beginning before the age of 16 years. Pharmacological treatment necessary to prevent joint destruction and functional impairment includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), intra-articular corticosteroids, conventional synthetic (cs) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DM

Introduction: The adverse health effects of sugar-sweetened beverage intake are well-established, but the implications of overall added sugar intake remain unclear. We investigated the associations between intake of added sugar and various sugar-sweetened foods and beverages and risk of 7 cardiovascular diseases in 69,705 participants aged 45–83 years (47.2% female) from the Swedish Mammography co

Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is employed to study in real time the chemical reactions occurring on (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 (ACIGSe) surfaces during the first atomic layer deposition (ALD) cycle of HfOx under realistic synthesis conditions by using tetrakisdimethylamido-hafnium (TDMA-Hf) and H2O precursors. We find that the initial deposition due to surface reactions of HfOx ALD on A

X-ray ptychography provides the highest resolution non-destructive imaging at synchrotron radiation facilities, and the efficiency of this method is crucial for coping with limited experimental time. Recent advancements in multi-beam ptychography have enabled larger fields of view, but spatial resolution for large 3D samples remains constrained by their thickness, requiring consideration of multip

Background: Prostate cancer therapy with surgical or chemical castration with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists has been linked to elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, which may contribute to secondary health disorders, including atherosclerosis and diabetes. Although recent findings suggest a role for FSH beyond the reproductive system, its metabolic impact remains unc

There is an increasing need for new biomarkers to improve prediction of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to identify blood-based epigenetic biomarkers associated with incident CKD and develop a methylation risk score (MRS) predicting CKD in individuals with newly diagnosed T2D. DNA methylation was analyzed epigenome wide in blood from 487 individuals

Non-exhaust emissions from the wear of brakes, tyres, and roads have become an increasing concern in recent years, already surpassing exhaust emissions by mass in many countries. However, there is a lack of studies in the scientific literature on test methods that include both real tyre and road materials. This is crucial for accurately replicating the tribological mechanisms and resulting emissio

Despite the advent of advanced molecular prognostic tools, it is still difficult to predict the course of disease for cancer patients at the individual level. This lack of predictability is also reflected in many experimental cancer model systems, begging the question of whether certain biological aspects of cancer (eg. growth, evolution etc.) can ever be anticipated or if there remains an inheren

Background: Severe alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a known risk factor for early development of emphysema and COPD. By the Swedish national screening program within the years 1972–74 a cohort of individuals with severe AATD (PiZZ) was identified and regularly followed up. The aim of this study was to investigate alveolar volume (VA) and the ratio VA/Total lung capacity (VA/TLC) for the de

In this study, we demonstrate a successful application of laser absorption spectroscopy in an in-situ optical diagnostic system to map the radial distribution of the number density of vapor-phase aluminum (Al) atoms around a burning micron-sized Al droplet. This technique overcomes the challenges associated with the short optical path (at micron scale) and offers high sensitivity to Al atom concen

Since the first derivation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) 27 years ago, technologies to control their differentiation and manufacturing have advanced immensely, enabling increasing numbers of clinical trials with hPSC-derived products. Here, we revew the landscape of interventional hPSC trials worldwide, highlighting available data on clinical safety and efficacy. As of December 2024, we