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BACKGROUND: Apalutamide is an inhibitor of the ligand-binding domain of the androgen receptor. Whether the addition of apalutamide to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) would prolong radiographic progression-free survival and overall survival as compared with placebo plus ADT among patients with metastatic, castration-sensitive prostate cancer has not been determined.METHODS: In this double-blind,
BACKGROUND: Abiraterone acetate, a drug that blocks endogenous androgen synthesis, plus prednisone is indicated for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. We evaluated the clinical benefit of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone with androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with newly diagnosed, metastatic, castration-sensitive prostate cancer.METHODS: In this double-blind, placebo-contro
Active surveillance (AS) is broadly described as a management option for men with low-risk prostate cancer, but semantic heterogeneity exists in both the literature and in guidelines. To address this issue, a panel of leading prostate cancer specialists in the field of AS participated in a consensus-forming project using a modified Delphi method to reach international consensus on definitions of t
The University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, in collaboration with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the Alpha-1 Foundation, the American Thoracic Society, the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, the European Respiratory Society, the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy, and the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation, convened a workshop titled "Stem Cells, Cell Therapies
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in people aging with spinal cord injury (SCI), and is predominantly caused by atherosclerosis, however, knowledge of atherosclerosis in people with SCI is scarce.OBJECTIVE: To describe coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged people with long-term cervical and upper thoracic SCI using coronary computed tomography angio
BACKGROUND: Oestrogen receptor alpha (ER) is involved in cell growth and proliferation and functions as a transcription factor, a transcriptional coregulator, and in cytoplasmic signalling. It affects, for example, bone, endometrium, ovaries and mammary epithelium. It is a key biomarker in clinical management of breast cancer, where it is used as a prognostic and treatment-predictive factor, and a
AIMS: The aim of this study is to investigate how genetic variations in genes related to oxidative stress, intake of antioxidant vitamins, and any potential interactions between these factors affect the incidence of intact abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and its rupture (rAAA), accounting for sex differences where possible.METHODS AND RESULTS: The present retrospective cohort study (n = 25 252) us
A detailed understanding of the dynamics of photoinduced processes occurring in the electronic excited state is essential in informing the rational design of photoactive transition-metal complexes. Here, the rate of intersystem crossing in a Cr(III)-centered spin-flip emitter is directly determined through the use of ultrafast broadband fluorescence upconversion spectroscopy (FLUPS). In this contr
Aims: A high intake of salt raises blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have reported on the association between salt intake and carotid stenosis, but the association with coronary atherosclerosis has not been reported. Therefore, this project aimed at studying the association between salt intake and both carotid and coronary atherosclerosis in a contemporary com
Objective: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly proliferative breast cancer subtype. We aimed to identify TNBC among invasive cancers presenting as masses using maximum slope (MS) and time to enhancement (TTE) measured on ultrafast (UF) DCE-MRI, ADC measured on DWI, and rim enhancement on UF DCE-MRI and early-phase DCE-MRI. Methods: This retrospective single-center study, between Decem
Structural defects are detrimental to the efficiency and quality of optoelectronic semiconductor devices. In this work, we study InGaN platelets with a quantum well structure intended for nano-LEDs emitting red light and how their optical properties, measured with cathodoluminescence, relate to the corresponding atomic structure. Through a method of spectroscopy-thinning-imaging, we demonstra
Polylactic acid nanoparticles (PLA NPs) according to food and drug administration are biodegradable and biocompatible polymers that have received a lot of attention due to their natural degradation mechanism. Although there is already available information concerning the effects of PLA microplastic to aquatic organisms, the knowledge about PLA NPs is still vague. In the present study, we analyzed
Axillary lymphadenopathy is a common side effect of COVID-19 vaccination, leading to increased imaging-detected asymptomatic and symptomatic unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy. This has threatened to negatively impact the workflow of breast imaging services, leading to the release of ten recommendations by the European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI) in August 2021. Considering the rapidly cha
When individuals self-select (or are selected) into a study based on factors that influence the outcome, conclusions may not generalize to the full population. To compensate for this, results may be adjusted, for example, by standardization on the set of common causes of participation and outcome. Although such standardization is useful in some contexts, the common causes of participation and outc
BackgroundThe Externalizing Spectrum Inventory-Brief Form (ESI-BF) [1] is a 160-item self-report instrument designed for the assessment of externalizing psychopathology, yet few studies to date have evaluated its psychometric properties, structural fit, and criterion validity in forensic psychiatric settings.MethodsHere, we investigated these aspects in a sample of forensic psychiatric inpatients
BACKGROUNDAutomated information extraction with natural language processing (NLP) tools is required to gain systematic insights from the large number of COVID-19 publications, reports and social media posts, which far exceed human processing capabilities. A key challenge for NLP is the extensive variation in terminology used to describe medical entities, which was especially pronounced for this ne
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder and second most common neurodegenerative disease. The principal hallmark of the pathology is represented by a loss of mesencephalic Dopaminergic neurons (mesDA) that reside in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Another feature of the disease is represented by formation of abnormal protein aggregates, known as Lewy Bodies (LBs),
Background:The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been proposed as a means for cancer prevention, but little evidence has been accrued regarding its potential to prevent pancreatic cancer. We investigated the association between the adherence to the MD and pancreatic cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.Methods:Over half a million participants
