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BACKGROUND: Although colorectal cancer (CRC) is generally not considered to be a hormone-dependent malignancy, several sex-related differences in incidence, molecular characteristics and survival have been reported. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that increased exposure to female sex hormones is associated with a lower risk of CRC in women, and cyclin D1, an important downstream e

Background and Purpose: Coagulation factor XI (FXI) has an important role in the propagation and stabilization of a thrombus upon vessel injury. High FXI levels have been implicated in thrombotic diseases including ischemic stroke. The aim of our study was to investigate whether FXI gene (F11) variants are associated with ischemic stroke. Methods: The discovery sample, the Sahlgrenska Academy Stud

Accessibility is an important factor in land-use planning and several methods have been developed to calculate and to predict it. Nevertheless, it is seldom applied in planning situations, maybe because many land-use planners and elected officials lack the knowledge and resources needed to use traffic models. Consequently, accessibility is often used as a concept and a goal in daily planning, but

A readily mass-producible, flip-chip assembled, and slot-coupled III-V compound semiconductor dielectric resonator antenna operating in the millimeter-wave spectrum has been fabricated and characterized. The antenna has a 6.1% relative bandwidth, deduced from its 10 dB return loss over 58.8-62.5 GHz, located around the resonance at 60.5 GHz. Gating in the delay-domain alleviated the analysis of th

We conducted a genome-wide association study of male breast cancer comprising 823 cases and 2,795 controls of European ancestry, with validation in independent sample sets totaling 438 cases and 474 controls. A SNP in RAD51B at 14q24.1 was significantly associated with male breast cancer risk (P = 3.02 x 10(-13); odds ratio (OR) = 1.57). We also refine association at 16q12.1 to a SNP within TOX3 (

Background: Ensiling is a common method of preserving energy crops for anaerobic digestion, and many scientific studies report that ensiling increases the methane yield. In this study, the ensiling process and the methane yields before and after ensiling were studied for four crop materials. Results: The changes in wet weight and total solids (TS) during ensiling were small and the loss of energy

An ongoing discussion whether traditional toxicological methods are sufficient to evaluate the risks associated with nanoparticle inhalation has led to the emergence of Air-Liquid interface toxicology. As a step in this process, this study explores the evolution of particle characteristics as they move from the airborne state into physiological solution. Airborne gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are gene

We report a genome-wide association study for melanoma that was conducted by the GenoMEL Consortium. Our discovery phase included 2,981 individuals with melanoma and 1,982 study-specific control individuals of European ancestry, as well as an additional 6,426 control subjects from French or British populations, all of whom were genotyped for 317,000 or 610,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs

We review Buchler and Colangelo's result that leading divergences at any loop order can be calculated using only one-loop calculations and we provide an alternative proof. We then use this method to calculate the leading divergences of and thus the leading logarithmic corrections to the meson mass in the massive $O(N)$ nonlinear sigma model to five-loop order. We also calculate the all-loop result

Background: We have previously demonstrated that elevated concentrations of tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) in both tumour tissue (t-TATI) and in serum (s-TATI) are associated with a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. It was also found that s-TATI concentrations were lower in patients with rectal cancer compared to patients with colon cancer. In this study, we investigated th

To further understanding of the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility, we aggregated published meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including 26,488 cases and 83,964 controls of European, east Asian, south Asian and Mexican and Mexican American ancestry. We observed a significant excess in the directional consistency of T2D risk alleles across ancestry groups, e

The aim of this thesis is to critically examine how ethical principles are conceptualized and applied in educational contexts, focusing on the intersection of early childhood education and education for sustainable development. Its contribution to educational research in general, and to philosophy of education in particular, is to; first, discuss the presumed relation between ethical principles an

This letter presents dc characteristics and low-frequency noise (LFN) measurements on single vertical InAs nanowire MOSFETs with 35-nm gate length and HfO2 high-kappa dielectric. The average normalized transconductance for three devices is 0.16 S/mm, with a subthreshold slope of 130 mV/decade. At 10 Hz, the normalized noise power S-I/I-d(2) measures 7.3 x 10(-7) Hz(-1). Moreover, the material-depe

It is argued that the Achilles heel of contemporary sociology – and great parts of social science – is a) weak theory development, and b) absence of a meta-theory providing a common platform and a shared goal for its practitioners, fostering cumulativity. A meta-theory called causal realism (a variant of critical realism) is suggested for these purposes. The main tenets and key concepts of realism

Nano-sized (10(-9)-10(-7) m) particles offer many technical and biomedical advances over the bulk material. The use of nanoparticles in cosmetics, detergents, food and other commercial products is rapidly increasing despite little knowledge of their effect on organism metabolism. We show here that commercially manufactured polystyrene nanoparticles, transported through an aquatic food chain from a

Syftet med vår uppsats är att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan medelstora aktiebolags tillväxt och styrelseledamöters antal parallella styrelseuppdrag och hur detta samband i sådant fall ser ut. // To investigate if there is a connection between the board of director’s number of parallel board assignments and the growth of midsized corporations. And if that’s the case then see how this co

Syftet med denna studie är att ur ett livsvärldsfenomenologiskt perspektiv dokumentera sång-ares upplevelse av sitt sångtekniska och musikaliska lärande i grupp och i förekommande fall sätta detta i relation till deras upplevelse av en enskild undervisning, samt att studera vilka faktorer som kan ha varit utslagsgivande för dessa upplevelser. Studien är kvalitativ och genomfördes som aktionsforsknTitle: Individual development in group - voice lessons together with and through others. The purpose of this study is to, from a life-world phenomenological point of view, document how singers experience their vocal technical and musical learning in group and in to relate this to their experience of a private lesson and to study what factors have been decisive for these experiences. This study is

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka huruvida ett nationalekonomiskt perspektiv, genom kostnads-intäktsanalys, kan bidra till att bredda diskussionen om Kriminalvården och dess effektiviseringsarbete. De mått som idag används för att beskriva fångvårdens effektivitet utgörs av bl.a. återfallsbrottslighet, påbörjade samt avslutade behandlingsprogram och antalet rymningar från anstalt. Ingen e

Enligt vår empiri kan lärande uppstå även i nätverk som inte är skapade med grundtanke att lära. Nätverksplattformen är en viktig grund för att lärandet ska kunna utvecklas, vi ser dock lite annorlunda på tid och resurser då teorin säger att den är tidskrävande, medan vi menar motsatsen. Vi anser även att Nätverksplattformen behöver kompletteras. Här utgör bland annat struktur och rutiner en vikti