Search results

Background/Aim: An inverse association exists between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and both plasma vitamin D levels and sun exposure, but vitamin D supplementation does not reduce the incidence. We sought to assess whether there is a dose-dependency in the association between sun exposure and T2DM. Patients and Methods: The melanoma in Southern Sweden (MISS) cohort is comprised of one thousand

Family history is a strong predictor of hereditary breast cancer, particularly when it includes cases of early onset or bilateral breast cancers and multiple cases of breast or ovarian cancers. This article provides relative risks and cumulative risks of breast cancer in women whose family history indicates high risk. Specifically, the aim was to determine how many years earlier the high-risk wome

Epilepsy comprises a family of neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures, which can be highly debilitating. Up to 30% of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common form of the disorder in adults, arising in the hippocampus, cannot be effectively treated by current pharmaceuticals. Novel treatment strategies are highly needed, as well as increased understanding of the hi

Purposes To assess predictors of presenteeism (reduced productivity at work) and activity impairment outside work in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Methods Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to study predictors of presenteeism and activity impairment in 1,253 patients with SpA based on a 2.5 year follow-up questionnaire. The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI)

The ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) leads to immediate symptoms that severely affect the individual and receives great attention among the scientific community, yet there is still no consensus on the optional form of treatment. An ACL injury is also a well known high risk factor for the development of knee osteoarthritis (OA) some decades later. Knee OA development after an ACL injury is

OBJECTIVE: To identify how the gp130-signaling cytokine oncostatin M (OSM), acting alone or in concert with IL-1beta or TNFalpha, affects synovial fibroblast expression of genes relevant to inflammation and bone erosion in inflammatory arthritis. METHODS: Synovial fibroblasts (SFs) were isolated from non-arthritic wild type (WT) or OSM receptor deficient (OSMR(-/-)) mice and stimulated with OSM, I

Surface electron dynamics unfold at time and length scales down to attoseconds and nanometres, making direct imaging with extreme spatiotemporal resolution highly desirable. However, this has turned out to be a major challenge even with the advent of reliable attosecond light sources. In this paper, photoelectrons from Ag nanowires and nanoparticles excited by extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond

A third generation glucose biosensor working under physiological conditions with a linear range of 0.1-30 mM, a detection limit of 0.05 mM, and a sensitivity of 222 nA microM(-1) cm(-2) has been developed by co-adsorption of cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) from the ascomycete Corynascus thermophilus (CtCDH) and oxidatively shortened single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs).

We used epitaxially grown monodisperse nanowire arrays to measure cellular forces with a spatial resolution of 1 mu m. Nerve cells were cultured on the array and cellular forces were calculated from the displacement of the nanowire tips. The measurements were done in situ on live cells using confocal microscopy, Forces down to 15 pN were measured on neural growth cones, showing that this method ca

Exposure to diesel exhaust causes inflammatory responses. Previous controlled exposure studies at a concentration of 300 μg/m(3) of diesel exhaust particles mainly lasted for 1 h. We prolonged the exposure period and investigated how quickly diesel exhaust can induce respiratory and systemic effects.

Background: Low blood levels of vitamin D (25-hydroxy D3, 25OHD3) in women have been associated with an increased risk of several diseases. A large part of the population may have suboptimal 25OHD3 levels but high-risk groups are not well known. The aim of the present study was to identify determinants for serum levels of 25OHD3 in women, i.e. factors such as lifestyle, menopausal status, diet and

One classical feature of cancer cells is their metabolic acquisition of a highly glycolytic phenotype. Carbon monoxide (CO), one of the products of the cytoprotective molecule heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in cancer cells, has been implicated in carcinogenesis and therapeutic resistance. However, the functional contributions of CO and HO-1 to these processes are poorly defined. In human prostate cancers

There have been extensive discussions in academic circles of why some countries develop into welfare states while others do not. Two main factors mentioned in these discussions are economic growth and the need for political stability. In these discussions, the example of Sweden, where the welfare state allegedly emerged from a ‘culture of consensus’, has often been treated as an historic exception

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den vanligaste lokalisationen för bråck eller aneurysm på stora kroppspulsåderns (AAA) är i buken nedanför njurpulsådrorna. Mellan 3-6% av befolkningen över 65 års har detta och det är vanligare hos män jämfört med kvinnor (3:1). Majoriteten av bråcken är asymptomatiska och upptäcks som ett bifynd isamband med undersökning för mag eller ryggbesvär. Ca ¼ av bråcken debutAIM: The aim was to evaluate the results of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) in terms of intra-AAA pressure and clinical outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: 0.014-inch guide-wire-mounted tip-pressure sensors were used for direct intra-aneurysm sac pressure measurement (DISP) through translumbar puncture of the AAA. Mean Pressure Index was calculated (MPI) as the p

People’s accumulated local capacity is increasingly recognized to be critical in enhancing disaster resilience and transformation. Nevertheless, citizens’ coping strategies are little known or documented, and hardly considered in city authorities’ and aid organizations’ work. Against this background, this study provides an overview and systematization of citizens’ strategies to cope with increasin

The aim of this paper is to present a model for creating a more coherent concept, designed to meet the demands of the multidisciplinary field of Sociology of Law. This model is built on an ontological analysis that can incorporate different perspectives. The suggested analysis is mainly founded on the Aristotelian concepts of ‘essence’ and ‘accident.’ Thus, the method is concerned with distinguish

This thesis presents investigations for the improvement of electrical contact and catalytical properties of two fungal redox enzymes, cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) and pyranose dehydrogenase (PDH), with electrodes and the use of the prepared electrodes as carbohydrate biosensors and in enzymatic biofuel cells. The performance of enzyme modified electrodes can be improved in two ways, by modifying

Background and purpose Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SPONK) is a painful lesion in the elderly, frequently leading to osteoarthritis and subsequent knee surgery. We evaluated the natural course and long-term consequences of SPONK in terms of need for major knee surgery. Methods Between 1982 and 1988, 40 consecutive patients were diagnosed with SPONK. The short-term outcome has been report