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Background and aims: The positive and negative health effects of dietary carbohydrates are of interest to both researchers and consumers. Methods: International experts on carbohydrate research held a scientific summit in Stresa, Italy, in June 2013 to discuss controversies surrounding the utility of the glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) and glycemic response (GR). Results: The outcome was a

Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is capable of direct electron transfer (DET) on various carbon and thiol-modified gold electrodes. As a result, these systems have been utilized as biocatalyst in biosensors and biofuel cell anodes. Class I CDHs, from basidiomycetous fungi, are highly specific to cellulose or lactose, and DET is only observed at pH values below 5.5. To extend the applicability of CDH

The menisci are internal structures that are of central importance for a healthy knee joint; they have a key role in the structural progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA), and the risk of the disease dramatically increases if they are damaged by injury or degenerative processes. Meniscus damage might be considered a signifying feature of incipient OA in middle-aged and elderly people. As approxim

The incidence rates and relative risks for colorectal cancer (CRC) are higher in men than in women. Sex steroids may play a role in this gender-associated difference in CRC risk. This study was conducted to explore the relationship of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in steroid hormone signaling (ESR1, ESR2, PGR, NR1I2, and SHBG), phase I-and II-metabolizing enzyme (COMT, HSD17B1, CYP1A1, CY

Background Carriers of APOE epsilon 2 and epsilon 4 have an increased risk of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) in lobar regions, presumably because of the effects of these gene variants on risk of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. We aimed to assess whether these variants also associate with severity of ICH, in terms of haematoma volume at presentation and subsequent outcome. Methods We investigated the

Off-state drain leakage current has been investigated for InGaAs-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors with different drain configurations, InGaAs, and InP, respectively. The introduction of an InP drain presents a lower leakage current compared to InGaAs drain devices. From temperature dependent measurements, the leakage current mechanisms have been differentiated, and the role

Purpose:To assess the association of meniscal root tear with the development or worsening of tibiofemoral cartilage damage.Materials and Methods:Institutional review board approval and written informed consent from all subjects were obtained. A total of 596 knees with radiographically depicted osteoarthritis were randomly selected from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis study cohort. Cartilage damage

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss recent findings on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of extra-articular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and provide an update on the literature on treatment of patients with extra-articular RA (ExRA) manifestations. RECENT FINDINGS: ExRA is associated with increased comorbidity and mortality. Several surveys suggest that some ExRA manifestations, in parti

In 2010, the Lithuanian Association of Arhtroplasty was established and on January 1, 2011, initiated a national study of all reoperations after total knee (TKR) and total hip replacement (THR) in Lithuania. The aim of the study was to investigate the revision rates after TKR and THR at two years follow-up.

Objective: To investigate whether increased knee joint loading due to improved ambulatory function and walking speed following weight loss achieved over 16 weeks accelerates symptomatic and structural disease progression over a subsequent 1 year weight maintenance period in an obese population with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Data from a prospective study of weight loss in obese patients wi

PURPOSE: Preterm birth is associated with gastric acid-related disorders in infancy, but no investigators have examined this association beyond early childhood. We used antisecretory medication data to explore whether preterm birth is associated with gastric acid-related disorders in young adulthood. METHODS: We conducted a national cohort study of 626,811 individuals born in Sweden in 1973 to 197

This work addresses structural and nonequilibrium effects of the interactions between well-defined cationic poly(amidoamine) PAMAM dendrimers of generations 4 and 8 and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at the hydrophilic silica-water interface. Neutron reflectometry and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring were used to reveal the adsorption from premixed dendr

The electrochemical characterization of a class II cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH), from the ascomycete fungus Neurospora crassa. adsorbed on graphite (G), was performed in regard to direct (DET) and mediated electron transfer (MET). The effects of the applied potential, mediator (1,4 benzoquinone) concentration and flow carrier pH on the amperometric response of the G/CDH modified electrodes were

We studied the effect of new environment on the risk in and mortality of gynecological cancers in first- and second-generation immigrants in Sweden. We used the nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database to calculate standardized incidence/mortality ratios (SIRs/SMRs) of cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancers among immigrants in comparison to the native Swedes. Risk of cervical cancer increased

Background: Clinicopathologic stage is still the main parameter to evaluate the prognosis of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Although molecular markers have been suggested for follow up of treated CRC patients, their complete clinical application is still under evaluation. Materials and methods: To evaluate the association of immune-related genes with CRC prognosis and survival,

Background: Several studies have estimated associations between air pollution and birth outcomes, but few have evaluated potential effects on pregnancy complications.Objective: We investigated whether low-level exposure to air pollution is associated with gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.Methods: High-quality registry information on 81,110 singleton pregnancy outcomes in southern Sweden durin