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Two-dimensional (2D) spectroscopy has been intensively used to study electronic and vibronic coherences in biological systems and semiconductors. This technique studies coherent as well as incoherent signals that arise from the nonlinear interaction of a sequence of laser pulses. In this paper we present a direct evaluation of the 2D signal based on elementary quantum kinetics in order to compare

Aim: To investigate whether gut maturation could be induced precociously in an athymic T-cell deficient neonatal rat model. Methods: Fourteen day-old athymic (nude) rats (NIH-Foxn 1rnu) were gavaged with either phytohaemagglutinin - a lectin from red kidney beans (PHA); trypsin - a protease (Prot); or water - vehicle (control) as a single dose on one day or once a day for 3-day. The nude rats were

Background: High levels of blood glucose are thought to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and hyperinsulinemia, an interstage in the development of CRC. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between incident CRC and blood glucose; plasma insulin; and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), respectively, and to determine whether these association

Background: This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of indacaterol/glycopyrronium (IND/GLY) versus salmeterol/fluticasone (SFC) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with moderate to very severe airflow limitation and ≥1 exacerbation in the preceding year. Methods: A previously published and validated patient-level simulation model was adapted using clinical data from the FLA

Background: Differences in cystatin C and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) can lead to clinical uncertainty. Existing EGFR equations perform poorly in a subset of individuals. This study aims to describe the prevalence of differences between cystatin C-based (EGFRcys) and creatinine-based (EGFRcreat) EGFR in older adults and to explore which subsets of individuals may b

Objective: To investigate associations between neonatal delivery weight and future risk of maternal type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Methods: Data included in the Swedish Medical Birth Registry and Swedish National Diabetes Registry were merged to include all women born during 1930–1989; patients with pre-existing diabetes or gestational diabetes were excluded. Cox regression analyses were performed to

Heusler compounds are a ripe platform for discovery and manipulation of emergent properties in topological and magnetic heterostructures. In these applications, the surfaces and interfaces are critical to performance; however, little is known about the atomic-scale structure of Heusler surfaces and interfaces or why they reconstruct. Using a combination of molecular beam epitaxy, core-level and an

Objective: To determine factors associated with orthopaedic surgeons’ decision to recommend total joint replacement (TJR) in people with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA). Design: Cross-sectional study in eleven countries. For consecutive outpatients with definite hip or knee OA consulting an orthopaedic surgeon, the surgeon's indication of TJR was collected, as well as patients’ characteristics in

Pain and depressive symptoms are common reasons for adolescents to contact the school nurse. The aim was to describe the prevalence of pain (headache, abdominal pain, and back pain) and depressive symptoms among adolescents and to examine whether there is an association between pain and depressive symptoms. This cross-sectional survey included students (N = 639) in Sweden (median age: 16 years). O

Objective: Detailed analysis of hematological manifestations (HM) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are limited and their clinical impact on disease remain obscure. Here, we aimed to decipher factors associated with different hematological abnormalities in SLE patients and to assess their impact on disease related outcomes. Methods: A dataset (GIPT) originating from SLE patients of six Europea

Background: Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption have been intensively studied in the general population to assess their effects on the risk of breast cancer, but very few studies have examined these effects in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Given the high breast cancer risk for mutation carriers and the importance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in DNA repair, better evidence on the associations of the

Nigeria has the highest number of AIDS-related deaths in the world. In this study, we characterised the HIV-1 molecular epidemiology by analysing 1442 HIV-1 pol sequences collected 1999-2014 from four geopolitical zones in Nigeria using state-of-the-art maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. The main circulating forms were the circulating recombinant form (CRF) 02_AG (44% of the an

Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) could be a risk factor for developing various chronic diseases, and seems to be a prognostic marker in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer. Our aim was to explore the association between RDW and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a general population. RDW was measured in 27,063 participants (aged 45-73 years) from the population-based Malmö

INTRODUCTION: Despite much literature on reference values of acid-base status in umbilical cord blood at birth, there are as yet no studies performed to determine gestational age-dependent references in cord venous blood and no studies on preterm acid-base standards. Similarly, the normal reference range of Apgar scores for term and preterm infants has not yet been determined.MATERIAL AND METHODS:

A polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is an electrochemical device that converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy, and its performance greatly depends on its operating temperature. Therefore, in this paper, a novel thermodynamic PEFC model with the airflow cooling method is firstly developed for the PEFC system. Then, a novel model predictive control (MPC) controller is designed to c

The photoionization of xenon atoms in the 70–100 eV range reveals several fascinating physical phenomena such as a giant resonance induced by the dynamic rearrangement of the electron cloud after photon absorption, an anomalous branching ratio between intermediate Xe+ states separated by the spin-orbit interaction and multiple Auger decay processes. These phenomena have been studied in the past, u

The use of protective barriers to isolate a metal surface from an aggressive environment is a common way to inhibit its degradation. We used ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to assess in real time the evolution of the copper surface and the contextual protective action of 2D material coatings (graphene and hexagonal boron nitride) towards copper oxidation. In an isobaric experimen