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Introduction: Academic achievement (AA) is associated with smoking rates. Can we determine the degree to which this relationship is likely a causal one? Methods: We predict smoking in male conscripts (mean age 18.2) assessed from 1984 to 1991 (N = 233 248) and pregnant females (mean age 27.7) receiving prenatal care 1972-1990 (N = 494 995) from AA assessed in all students at 16. Instrumental varia

B-cell malignancies (BCM) originate from the same cell of origin, but at different maturation stages and have distinct clinical phenotypes. Although genetic risk variants for individual BCMs have been identified, an agnostic, genome-wide search for shared genetic susceptibility has not been performed. We explored genome-wide association studies of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL, N = 1,842), Ho

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is strongly impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In several mouse models of AD, it was shown that adult-born neurons exhibit reduced survival and altered synaptic integration due to a severe lack of dendritic spines. In the present work, using the APPxPS1 mouse model of AD, we reveal that this reduced number of spines is concomitant of a marked deficit in their neur

Phase diagrams are useful tools to study the phase equilibria of nanowire materials systems because the growth of nanowires is accompanied by phase formation and phase transition. We have modeled the phase equilibria of the As-Au-Ga ternary system by means of the CALPHAD method. This method is a well-established semi-empirical technique for thermodynamic modeling in which Gibbs energy functions wi

A general scaling formalism for nonlinear light-matter interactions in gases is presented and experimentally verified. The formalism enables to conveniently extrapolate nonlinear phenomena, such as filamentation or high-order harmonic generation, to new laser parameters.

Semiconductors are the backbone of almost every electrical or optical component, one of them being photodetectors. Photodetectors are used in many applications such as digital cameras or solar panels. They can also be designed to detect the omnipresent infrared radiation, discovered in 1800, which is invisible to human eye. Such infrared photodetectors are commercially used in e.g. night-vision, o

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common among the elderly, and has serious consequences such as stroke and increased mortality. Not all of the population attributable risk for AF is explained by known risk factors. This thesis used epidemiological methods and two population based cohorts- the Malmö Preventive project (MPP) and the HOMA sub study of the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS)- to analyse the

We present an on-chip acoustofluidic platform for harvesting a target microalgal species from a heterogeneous population of cells and particles based on their size, density, and compressibility in a rapid, non-invasive, energy-efficient, continuously running, and automated manner. For our proof-of-principle demonstration, we use Euglena gracilis as a target species. Specifically, we show the simul

Purpose: To analyse risk of vision impairment (VI) and blindness in adult foreign-born individuals and Swedish-born individuals. Methods: A nationwide study of individuals 18 years of age and older (N = 6,042,891; 2,902,918 men and 3,139,973 women) in Sweden. VI (in general) and blindness was defined as at least one registered diagnosis in the National Patient Register between January 1, 1998 and

Background Functional somatic disorders (FSD) feature medical symptoms of unclear etiology. Attempts to clarify their origin have been hampered by a lack of rigorous research designs. We sought to clarify the etiology of the FSD by examining the genetic risk patterns for FSD and other related disorders. Methods This study was performed in 5 829 186 individuals from Swedish national registers. We q

Herein we report the first high turnover photocatalytic hydrogen formation reaction based on an earth-abundant FeIII-NHC photosensitiser. The reaction occurs via reductive quenching of the 2LMCT excited state that can be directly excited with green light and employs either Pt-colloids or [Co(dmgH)2pyCl] as proton reduction catalysts and [HNEt3][BF4] and triethanolamine/triethylamine as proton and

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how otherwise healthy older adults with self-assessed voice problems relate to their voice and voice changes. Method: Focus groups were conducted at an activity center to identify how older adults reflect on their own voice and the aging voice in general. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. The analysis was done using thematic content a

Single crystals of Mg9Ge5.1(2) were obtained at a pressure of 5 GPa in the temperature range 723 to 1273 K. The metastable high-pressure phase exhibits a crystal structure, which may be described as a host-guest variety of an UCl3-type framework. The atomic arrangement is characterized by a host crystal structure Mg9Ge3 with disordered germanium guests (≈2 Ge per formula unit) in the channels. The

We have investigated the surface composition of a well-ordered Pt3Sn(111) surface during CO oxidation with ambient pressure X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. Oxidation of tin in the surface coincides with the onset of catalytic conversion, and we observe significant differences in the oxidation state and morphology of the oxide formed depending on the gas composition, with an oxygen-rich mixture l

In this work, the effects of Si doping in GaAs nanowires (NWs) grown on GaAs (111)B by molecular beam epitaxy with different Si doping levels (nominal free carrier concentrations of 1 × 1016, 8 × 1016, 1 × 1018 and 5 × 1018 cm-3) are deeply investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GID), photoluminescence (PL

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a well established intervention for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction (MI), yet substantial variability in CR delivery and patient outcomes persists globally. This review provides an in-depth overview of the SWEDEHEART-CR registry, a comprehensive Swedish national quality registry that has facilitated continuous quality improvement and clinical researc

BACKGROUND: – Proteins linked to heritable coronary heart disease (CHD) could uncover new pathophysiological mechanisms of atherosclerosis. We report on the protein profile associated with a family history of early-onset CHD and whether the relation between proteins and coronary atherosclerotic burden differs according to family history status, as well as inferences from Mendelian randomization. M

Background: This study investigated the moderating role of household disposable income and family type on the association between precarious employment (PE) and diagnosed mental disorders. Methods: This longitudinal study used register data from the Swedish Work, Illness, and Labour-market Participation (SWIP) cohort. The study population included all individuals aged 27–65 who were employed in 20