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Background: This study aimed to evaluate whether an increasing grade of obesity is associated with inferior outcomes after lumbar disc herniation (LDH) surgery. Methods: We retrieved data from the Swedish register for spine surgery regarding patients aged 20–64 who underwent LDH surgery from 2006–2016 and had preoperative and one-year postoperative data. A total of 4156 patients were normal weight

BACKGROUND: In Southeast-Asia, where many conditions associated with dissemination of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) in the community are met, data from the community are scarce but show high ESBL-E carriage prevalence. Maternal ESBL-E colonization is considered a risk factor for neonatal colonization, which is the first step towards developing neonatal sepsis. Despite this, ESBL-E carri

Background: Long-distance migratory birds undergo complex annual cycles during which they must adjust their behaviour according to the needs and conditions encountered throughout the year. Yet, variation in activity throughout the entire annual cycle has rarely been studied in wild migratory birds. Methods: We used multisensor data loggers to evaluate the patterns of activity throughout the comple

Aims/hypothesis: Using a targeted proteomics approach, we aimed to identify and validate circulating proteins associated with impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) and type 2 diabetes in a Black South African cohort. In addition, we assessed sex-specific associations between the validated proteins and pathophysiological pathways of type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study included Black So

Solid materials doped with rare-earth ions are considered an attractive platform for quantum information applications. One of the main reasons for this is the exceptionally long optical and hyperfine coherence times of the 4fn states, due to the shielding provided by the outer lying 5s and 5p electrons. This enables a large number of quantum operations before the system loses its coherence. Anothe

In recent decades, laser systems emitting pulses of light containing only a few electric field oscillations under their envelope have become common in many ultrafast optics laboratories. Owing to unique temporal characteristics and achieving extreme field strengths, these so-­called few­-cycle pulses have been instrumental in unlocking new regimes of light-­matter interaction.The work presented in

Movement patterns and habitat selection of animals have important implications for ecology and evolution. Darwin's finches are a classic model system for ecological and evolutionary studies, yet their spatial ecology remains poorly studied. We tagged and radio-tracked five (three females, two males) medium ground finches (Geospiza fortis) to examine the feasibility of telemetry for understanding t

Subjective sleep reports are widely used research tools in epidemiology. Whether sleep reports can differ between seasons is less clear. Using multivariable binary or multinomial logistic regression analyses, in the present Swedish cross-sectional two-centre cohort study (N = 19,254; mean age 61 years), we found that participants surveyed during the summer (June–August) were more likely to report

Summary: This narrative review describes efforts to improve the care and prevention of fragility fractures in New Zealand from 2012 to 2022. This includes development of clinical standards and registries to benchmark provision of care, and public awareness campaigns to promote a life-course approach to bone health. Purpose: This review describes the development and implementation of a systematic a

OBJECTIVE: To compare experts' perceived usefulness of audit filters from Ghana, Cameroon, WHO and those locally developed; generate context-appropriate audit filters for trauma care in selected hospitals in urban India; and explore characteristics of audit filters that correlate to perceived usefulness.DESIGN: A mixed-methods approach using a multicentre online Delphi technique.SETTING: Two large

Protandry is a widespread life-history phenomenon describing how males precede females at the site or state of reproduction. In migratory birds, protandry has an important influence on individual fitness, the migratory syndrome, and phenological response to climate change. Despite its significance, accurate analyses on the dynamics of protandry using data sets collected at the breeding site, are l

BACKGROUND: The 2020 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines recommend using the 0/1-hour and 0/2-hour algorithms over the 0/3-hour algorithm as the first and second choices of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn)-based strategies for triage of patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI).PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of the ESC 0/1-hour, 0/2-hour, and 0

Osteoporotic fractures are one of the major problems facing healthcare systems worldwide. Undoubtedly, fragility fractures of the hip represent a far greater burden in terms of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs than other fracture sites. However, despite the significant impact on the health and quality of life of older adults, there is a general lack of awareness of osteoporosis, which re

Background: SARS-CoV-2, the causal agent of COVID-19, enters human cells using the ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) protein as a receptor. ACE2 is thus key to the infection and treatment of the coronavirus. ACE2 is highly expressed in the heart and respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, playing important regulatory roles in the cardiovascular and other biological systems. However, the gene

Background and purpose — Information on outcomes after some modern total ankle replacement (TAR) designs is scarce. We therefore examined outcomes after trabecular metal (TM) TAR in Sweden by use of data from the national registry. Patients and methods — On December 31, 2020, 239 primary TM TARs had been reported to the Swedish Ankle Registry. We analyzed prosthesis survival probability, using exc

Background: Swedish Emergency Departments (EDs) see 2.6 million visits annually. Sweden has a strong tradition of health care databases, but information on patients’ pathways to the ED is not documented in any registry. The aim of this study was to provide a national overview of pathways, degree of medical acuteness according to triage, chief complaints, and hospital admission rates for adult pati

Metal halide perovskites exhibit a rich crystal structure, with multiple phases as well as ferroelastic domains, which is crucial for the optical and electrical properties. The average crystal phase-transition temperatures can be shifted by size, strain, or defects, but it is not clear whether such differences can also appear locally within a single crystal. The experimental study of domain dynami

Ammonia (NH3) is a promising carbon-free energy carrier. Co-firing of ammonia in solid fuel-fired facilities is a feasible solution to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Solid fuels, such as coal and biomass, contain various trace elements, such as alkali metals and sulfur, which are released to the gas phase during combustion. Experimental characterization and modeling are used to study the p