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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Differences in risk factor profiles between lacunar and other ischemic stroke subtypes may provide evidence for a distinct lacunar arteriopathy, but existing studies have limitations. We overcame these by pooling individual data on 2875 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke from 5 collaborating prospective stroke registers that used similar, unbiased methods to define ri

The aim of the present study was to identify patterns of background factors related to the early RA patients' conceptions of the cause of the disease. Conceptions from a qualitative study formed the basis for the stratification of 785 patients from the Swedish EIRA study answering a question about their own thoughts about the cause to RA. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the assoc

Time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy was employed for the investigation of charge-transport dynamics in benzothiadiazolo-dithiophene polyfluorene ([2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)-alt-S,S-(4',7'-di-2-thieny1-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)]) (APFO-3) polymers with various chain lengths and in its monomer form, all blended with an electron acceptor ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, PCBM). Upon phot

Several studies have shown excess risk for a number of comorbidities in patients with psoriasis compared with the general population, but data on cause-specific mortality in this patient population are limited. The aim of this study was to estimate the associations of psoriasis and 12 specific causes of death and all-cause mortality in patients with mild and severe psoriasis. The study was based o

Second harmonic generation is analyzed from a microscopical point of view using a non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. Through this approach the complete on-state of the laser can be modeled and results are compared to experiment with good agreement. In addition, higher order current response is extracted from the calculations and together with waveguide properties, these currents provide t

Fundamental symmetries in thermoelectric quantum transport, beyond Onsagers relations, were predicted two decades ago but have to date not been observed in experiments. Recent works have predicted the symmetries to be sensitive to energy-dependent, inelastic scattering, raising the question whether they exist in practice. Here, we answer this question affirmatively by experimentally verifying the

We present the results of a quantum mechanical modelling of the free carrier absorption (FCA) in semiconductor heterolayers. Elastic and inelastic scatterers are considered with emphasis on the interface defects (optical phonons) contributions to the induced photon absorption for elastic (inelastic) scatterers. Various approaches to FCA are also presented (perturbation, Green's function technique)

The geometric and electronic structure of condensed phase organic conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS blends has been investigated by periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations with a generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) functional, and a plane wave basis set. The influence of the degree of doping of the PEDOT polymer on structural and optical parameters such as the reflectivity, absorbanc

We report on the use of binary mixtures of oppositely charged gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPBs), consisting of a polystyrene core onto which long polystyrene sulfonate chains are grafted, as a simple model system to investigate the influence of directional interactions on self-assembly. We demonstrate that the mixing ratio, i.e., the number of AuNPs per SPB, h

The relation between free-carrier absorption and intersubband transitions in semiconductor heterostructures is resolved by comparing a sequence of structures. Our numerical and analytical results show how free-carrier absorption evolves from the intersubband transitions in the limit of infinite number of wells with vanishing barrier width. It is explicitly shown that the integral of the absorption

Graves' disease (GD) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism and diffuse goitre. 25-50% of the patients with GD develop eye symptoms, Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). The overall aim of this thesis was to explore the molecular etiology of GD and GO. By studying gene expression in Studies I, III, and IV, we demonstrated that adipocyte-related immediate early genes (IEGs) incl

Background: The social environment in which children grow up is closely associated with their health. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal educational level, parental preventive behavior, parental risk behavior, social support, and use of medical care in small children in Malmo, Sweden. We also wanted to investigate whether potential differences in child medic

We present a theory for a mesoscopic turnstile that produces spatially separated streams of electrons and holes along edge states in the quantum Hall regime. For a broad range of frequencies in the nonadiabatic regime the turnstile operation is found to be ideal, producing one electron and one hole per cycle. The accuracy of the turnstile operation is characterized by the fluctuations of the trans

Two-dimensional spectroscopy has recently revealed the oscillatory behavior of the excitation dynamics of molecular systems. However, in the majority of cases there is considerable debate over what is actually being observed: excitonic or vibrational wavepacket motion or evidence of quantum transport. In this letter we present a method for distinguishing between vibrational and excitonic wavepacke

Addition of surfactants to aqueous solutions of polyelectrolytes carrying an opposite charge causes the spontaneous formation of complexes in the bulk phase in certain concentration ranges. Under some conditions, compact monodisperse multichain complexes are obtained in the bulk. The size of these complexes depends on the mixing procedure and it can be varied in a controlled way from nanometers up

The performance of hybrid solar cells composed of polymer and ZnO is mainly hindered by the defects of ZnO. Here, we investigate the effects of ZnO nanoparticle surface modification with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) on the performance of bulk heterojunction hybrid solar cells based on poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) and ZnO nanoparticles. The reference device us

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children in the western world. HUS is characterized by the triad of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure. There are two main subtypes of HUS; typical or D+ (D stands for diarrhea) HUS associated with enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) infection, which accounts for about 90% of all HUS cases, and atypic

The purpose of this overview paper, which can be viewed as a supplement to our previous review on quantum rings [S. Viefers et al., Physica E 21 (2004), 1-35), is to highlight the differences of boson and fermion systems in one-dimensional (1D) and quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) quantum rings. In particular this involves comparing their many-body spectra and other properties, in various regimes and m

Quantum dots are nanoscopic systems, where carriers are confined in all three spatial directions. Such nanoscopic systems are suitable for fundamental studies of quantum mechanics and are candidates for applications such as quantum information processing. It was also proposed that linear arrangements of quantum dots could be used as quantum cascade laser. In this work we study the impact of electr