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A sparse mesh-neighbour based approximate inverse preconditioner is proposed for a type of dense matrices whose entries come from the evaluation of a slowly decaying free space Green's function at randomly placed points in a unit cell. By approximating distant potential fields originating at closely spaced sources in a certain way, the preconditioner is given properties similar to, or better than,
Many economic models contain the single variable 'money'. Money does not exist in the form of a single physical unit and it is common to construct monetary aggregates using the method of simple summations. Monetary aggregation theory lends little or no support to the method of simply summing various monetary asset components up to arbitrary levels of aggregation. In monetary aggregation theory, mo
A case study is presented in which two organisations have participated in a benchmarking initiative to discover improvement suggestions for their processes for managing product platforms. The initiative, based on an instrument which consists of a list of questions, has been developed as part of this study and contains eight major categories of questions that guide the participating organisations t
We describe the derivation of a formalism in the context of the governing equations for two-dimensional water waves propagating over a flat bed in a flow with non-vanishing vorticity. This consists in providing a Hamiltonian structure in terms of two variables which are scalar functions.
There is increasing evidence that territorial stream fish populations exhibit some degree of self-thinning. Four size-limit strategies were examined, under which a size-structured model population exhibiting self-thinning was exploited. The effects of: (1) increased minimum-size limits; (2) protection of spawners; (3) decreasing maximum-size limits; and (4) slot limits (prescribe lower and upper s
Forestry in Sweden suffers from browsing damage caused by large herbivores, mainly moose (Alces alces) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Silviculture affects the availability of forage for these animals, and thus the browsing pressure. A step towards modeling the response of trees or to predict browsing damage is to gain more knowledge on the availability of food in forest stands. Individual gap
Objective: To conduct a cost-effectiveness study of nasal budesonide versus surgical treatment in the management of nasal polyps. Design and methods: A decision-tree model reflecting two different treatment strategies for nasal polyps in Sweden was developed. The first strategy was initial polypectomy, performed under three different sets of circumstances: inpatient functional endoscopic surgery,
In this paper the Petersen and composition matrices that modellers are now familiar with are used as a basis to construct interfacing models between subsystems considered in wastewater treatment. Starting from continuity considerations and a set of transformation reactions between components used in the two models of the subsystems to be interfaced, a set of linear algebraic equations needs to be
A search for pair-produced charged Higgs bosons was performed in the high energy data collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP II at centre-of-mass energies from 189 GeV to 202 GeV. The three different final states, taunutaunu, c (s) over bar(c) over bars and c (s) over bar taunu were considered. New methods were applied to reject wrong hadronic jet pairings and for the tau identification, where a
A seismic approach is used to estimate the thickness and elastic stiffness constants of asphalt or concrete slabs. The overall concept of the approach utilizes the robustness of the multichannel seismic method. A multichannel-equivalent data set is compiled from multiple time series recorded from multiple hammer impacts at progressively different offsets from a fixed receiver. This multichannel si
Wave cycles, i.e. pairs of local maxima and minima, play an important role in many engineering fields. Many cycle definitions are used for specific purposes, such as crest-trough cycles in wave studies in ocean engineering and rainflow cycles for fatigue life prediction in mechanical engineering. The simplest cycle, that of a pair of local maximum and the following local minimum is also of interes
A resultant-type identity for univariate polynomials is proved and used to characterise SAGBI bases of subalgebras generated by two polynomials. A new equivalent condition, expressed in terms of the degree of a field extension, for a pair of univariate polynomials to form a SAGBI basis is derived.
This paper presents terms and definitions for capillary electromigration techniques for separation, qualitative and quantitative analysis and physico-chemical characterization. Names and descriptions for such techniques (e.g., capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography) as well as terms for the phenomenon of electroosmotic flow are included.
Background: An allogeneic antitumour effect has been reported for various cancers. We evaluated the experience of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in 124 patients from 21 European centres. Patients and methods: Reduced intensity conditioning and peripheral blood stem cells from an HLA-identical sibling (n = 106), a mismatched related (n = 5)
The effect of the dominant RN− allele on rigor development, ageing and tenderness was studied in M. longissimus dorsi (LD) from 11 heterozygous carriers and five non-carriers of the RN− allele. Rigor development was followed by measurements of muscle shortening, isometric tension, pH and FOP. During ageing the myofibrillar length and Warner–Bratzler shear force were measured in the meat. Sensory a
Background: The 39 item Parkinson's disease questionnaire (PDQ-39) is the most widely used patient reported rating scale in Parkinson's disease. However, several fundamental measurement assumptions necessary for confident use and interpretation of the eight PDQ-39 scales have not been fully addressed. Methods: Postal survey PDQ-39 data from 202 people with Parkinson's disease (54% men; mean age 70
