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A previous paper introduced an online gradient method to iteratively update local controllers for improved performance. In this paper we modify that method to get an offline method for distributed control synthesis. The complexity of the method is linear in the number of neighbors to each agent. Since the controllers are constructed to be distributed and the method is an iterative scheme, the con
A decomposition of the field of the wave equation in three dimensions is suggested. This wave splitting decomposes the field into two components such that in free space simple propagation properties are obtained. The inhomogeneous region is assumed to have a phase velocity variation that varies only in the radial coordinate r from the origin. The suggested wave splitting is a generalization of the
A Ni-PY5 [PY5 = 2,6-bis(1,1-bis(2-pyridyl)ethyl)pyridine)] complex has been found to act as an electrocatalyst for oxidizing water to dioxygen in aqueous phosphate buffer solutions. The rate of water oxidation catalyzed by the Ni-PY5 is remarkably enhanced by the proton acceptor base HPO42−, with rate constant of 1820 M−1 s−1. Controlled potential bulk electrolysis with Ni-PY5 at pH 10.8 under an
Numerous auto-scaling strategies have been proposed in the past few years for improving various Quality of Service (QoS) indicators of cloud applications, for example, response time and throughput, by adapting the amount of resources assigned to the application to meet the workload demand. However, the evaluation of a proposed auto-scaler is usually achieved through experiments under specific cond
This article applies a neo-documentalist approach to explore disciplinary information and knowledge making practices. The aim is to show how conceptions and materialities of what counts as documentation and documents are intertwined with changing and persisting disciplinary and sub-disciplinary practices of producing information and knowledge, of knowing, and informing. A collective, multivocal au
Background: GEOMAGIA50.v3 for sediments is a comprehensive online database providing access to published paleomagnetic, rock magnetic, and chronological data obtained from lake and marine sediments deposited over the past 50 ka. Its objective is to catalogue data that will improve our understanding of changes in the geomagnetic field, physical environments, and climate. Findings: GEOMAGIA50.v3 for
Smaller size and lower weight are always the targets of the power electronic product development. This work introduces two new topologies of auxiliary converters which have the feature of fewer components and fewer number of energy conversion stages comparing with the conventional auxiliary converter used in railway applications. The initial proposal of the proposed new topology is based on the id
In this letter we apply the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), widely used in econometrics, to receivers operating with imperfect channel state information (CSI) of singleinput-multiple-output (SIMO) block-fading channels where a single pilot symbol is used. The GMM results in the standard maximum ratio combining (MRC) receiver, but with an improved channel estimate. Although not our goal at the
Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common after general anaesthesia, and corticosteroids are used in many protocols for enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). However, surgical techniques are developing, and ERAS protocols need to be reevaluated from time to time. Patients and method: In this study, we compared the effects of oral vs. parenteral corticosteroid administration
Shrubs have increased in abundance and dominance in arctic and alpine regions in recent decades. This often dramatic change, likely due to climate warming, has the potential to alter both the structure and function of tundra ecosystems. The analysis of shrub growth is improving our understanding of tundra vegetation dynamics and environmental changes. However, dendrochronological methods developed
The ease and abundance of knowledge acquisition that is unparalleled in history, renders knowledge transition and practicing of skills in education insufficient. The importance of personal reflection and identity, i.e. the individual’s mindset, is increasingly important. Re-thinking educational approaches, to entrepreneurship and leadership in particular, is important since they are activities for
This letter presents measurement results for a low supply voltage 28 GHz beam steering PLL, designed in a SiGe bipolar process with fT=200 GHz. The PLL, designed around a QVCO, is intended for a beam steering 81-86 GHz E-band transmitter. Linear phase control is implemented by variable current injection into a Gilbert type phase detector, with a measured nominal phase control sensitivity of 2.5 °/
In the emerging field of Internet of Things (IoT), where computerized devices are combined in creative new ways, there is a need to create Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) for the systems being built, e.g. in the form of Android “apps”. This is generally a complicated, time consuming task. We report from a controlled experiment that evaluates a new approach for building GUIs that aims to make it e
Despite impressive advances in theories, methods and technologies, crystallization still remains a serious bottleneck in structural determination of macromolecules. Here we present a novel solid-liquid interface method (SLIM) for protein crystallization, based on the pre-adding and drying of a crystallization reagent, and thereafter the dispensing of a protein solution to the dried media to initia
