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The aim of this report is to contribute to the European vision for Open Science (European Commission 2016) by providing the frameworks for understanding and applying science and technology indicators, defined broadly, to enable the transition from the current scientific and scholarly system towards a more open and inclusive configuration of knowledge practices and infrastructures. Indicators for O
Background and Objectives To determine the diagnostic accuracy of a plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 assay in classifying amyloid PET status across global research studies using samples collected by multiple centers that utilize different blood collection and processing protocols.MethodsPlasma samples (n = 465) were obtained from 3 large Alzheimer disease (AD) research cohorts in the United States (n = 182), Aust
First, we present a new algorithm for the single-source shortest paths problem (SSSP) in edge-weighted directed graphs, with n vertices, m edges, and both positive and negative real edge weights. Given a positive integer parameter t, in O(tm) time the algorithm finds for each vertex v a path distance from the source to v not exceeding that yielded by the shortest path from the source to v among th
Anthropogenic warming is expected to accelerate global soil organic carbon (SOC) losses via microbial decomposition, yet, there is still no consensus on the loss magnitude. In this Perspective, we argue that, despite the mechanistic uncertainty underlying these losses, there is confidence that a strong, positive land carbon–climate feedback can be expected. Two major lines of evidence support net
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused global disruption and a significant loss of life. Existing treatments that can be repurposed as prophylactic and therapeutic agents may reduce the pandemic’s devastation. Emerging evidence of potential applications in other therapeutic contexts has led to the investigation of dietary supplements and nutraceuticals for COVID-19. Such products include v
Water and energy are two intimately interconnected issues of strategic relevance for a sustainable industrial development. Herein, we integrated light-harvesting/self-heating membranes and salinity gradient technology with the aim to implement the innovative concept of light-to-heat-to-power conversion. Novel photothermal membranes, prepared by immobilizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the top
The effectiveness of Salinity Gradient Power - Reverse Electrodialysis (SGP-RE) in real practice is still not clearly defined due to the lack of specific studies in literature, being investigations in large part limited to pure NaCl solutions or aqueous mixtures of two salts. In this work, we experimentally assessed the impact of natural feed streams (collected from Licetto river and Tyrrenian sea
Smart vision sensor systems enable many computer vision applications such as autonomous drones and wearable devices. These battery-powered gadgets have very stringent power consumption requirements. Close-to-sensor feature extraction compressing the full image into descriptive keypoints, is crucial as it allows for several design optimizations. First, the amount of necessary on-chip memory can be
Farmers who keep livestock in large carnivore areas are exposed to threat of predation directly impacting on finances and workload as well as the associated psychological stress indirectly impacting on farmers well-being. So far, little is known about such stress responses. The concept of “stress” or “stress reaction” is often used as an undifferentiated umbrella concept for the experience of nega
Kommuner och deras invånare möter nya utmaningar till följd av ett förändrat klimat.Översvämningar, värmeböljor och stormar förväntas öka i antal och styrka, medan processer som havshöjning och erosion hotar att radikalt omskapa lokala samhällen och landskap. Dessutom kan nuvarande ansvarsförhållanden komma att omdanas då klimateffekterna överstiger kommuners mandat eller kapacitet. Allt högre kra
There are hundreds of thousands of moth species with crucial ecological roles that are often obscured by their nocturnal lifestyles. The pigmentation and appearance of moths are dominated by cryptic diffuse shades of brown. In this study, 82 specimens representing 26 moth species were analysed using infrared polarimetric hyperspectral imaging in the range of 0.95–2.5 µm. Contrary to previous studi
This paper highlights the extent to which a future mobility system dominated by Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) poses profound challenges to the ‘publicness’ of the transport and mobility systems of many cities. This is evident at different policy levels: the regulatory posture of governments, changing notions of the contributions of mobility to wider ‘public value’, and the underpinning
Redox potentials have been calculated for 12 different iron-sulfur sites of 6 different types with 1-4 iron ions. Structures were optimized with combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) methods, and the redox potentials were calculated using the QM/MM energies, single-point QM methods in a continuum solvent or by QM/MM thermodynamic cycle perturbations. We show that the best re
Now more than ever, optimizing resource allocation in cloud computing is becoming more critical due to the growth of cloud computing consumers and meeting the computing demands of modern technology. Cloud infrastructures typically consist of heterogeneous servers, hosting multiple virtual machines with potentially different specifications, and volatile resource usage. This makes the resource alloc
An approach to resilient planning and control of autonomous vehicles in multi-vehicle traffic scenarios is proposed. The proposed method is based on model predictive control (MPC), where alternative predictions of the surrounding traffic are determined automatically such that they are intentionally adversarial to the ego vehicle. This provides robustness against the inherent uncertainty in traffic
Aquaporin channels facilitate bidirectional water flow in all cells and tissues. AQP4 is highly expressed in astrocytes. In the CNS, it is enriched in astrocyte endfeet, at synapses, and at the glia limitans, where it mediates water exchange across the blood-spinal cord and blood-brain barriers (BSCB/BBB), and controls cell volume, extracellular space volume, and astrocyte migration. Perivascular
We present high-power Yb:YAG lasers combined with nonlinear pulse compression in multi-pass cells. We show that these are suitable for integration in FEL facilities in terms of pulse stability, jitter, temporal contrast and intra-burst behaviour.
