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PurposeAntimicrobial resistance increases with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Studies evaluating antibiotic stewardship are in high demand. Is piperacillin/tazobactam non-inferior to carbapenems regarding 30-day mortality among patients with bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales?MethodsThis retrospective, multicenter, non-inferiority,

We investigate the time evolution of ZnO thin film growth in oxygen plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition using in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry. The recently proposed dynamic-dual-box-model approach [Kilic et al., Sci. Rep. 10, 10392 (2020)] is used to analyze the spectroscopic data post-growth. With the help of this model, we explore the in-cycle surface modifications and reveal the repetiti

Context: The mechanisms underlying bone fragility and increased fracture risk observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are not yet fully elucidated. Previous research has suggested a role for neuropeptides in regulating bone metabolism; however, the contribution of the neuropeptide Neurotensin (NT), which is thoroughly implicated in T2D and cardiovascular disease, has not been investigat

In situ X-ray reciprocal space mapping was performed during the interval heating and cooling of InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) grown via metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). Our detailed in situ X-ray analysis enabled us to track changes in the peak intensities and radial and angular broadenings of the reflection. By simulating the radial diffraction profiles recorded during the thermal cycle

The growth of III-V nanowires has attracted significant attention due to their superior electrical and optical properties, which are crucial for advanced optoelectronic devices such as lasers and photonic circuits. Since the 1960s, Au has beenextensively used as a catalyst for III-V nanowire growth, with substantial research conducted through both ex situ and in situ techniques. However, Au introd

In 2025, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health celebrates 75 years of leadership in diabetes research. The NIDDK serves people of the U.S. affected by or at risk for many chronic diseases, including diabetes and other endocrine, metabolic, and digestive disorders, by funding innovative research to develop better treatment

We theoretically investigate a thermoelectric heat engine based on a single-level quantum dot, calculating average quantities such as current, heat current, output power, and efficiency, as well as fluctuations (noise). Our theory is based on a diagrammatic expansion of the memory kernel together with counting statistics, and we investigate the effects of strong interactions and next-to-leading or

This thesis theoretically investigates electronic transport in different low dimensional nanostructures. The miniaturization of electronics means that we reach a limit where quantum effects play a role in electronic devices. To understand and improve electronics at this level it is important to understand the transport properties. Excellent control over the nanostructures also makes them a great p

Against the backdrop of the current geopolitical situation, logistics preparedness emerges as a pivotal area of focus for defence supply chains. Despite the critical role of commercial suppliers, research on utilising these in defence logistics and supply chains remains scarce. Adopting a supply chain governance lens, we have conducted a systematic literature review to provide an overview of exist

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive pregnancy disorder marked by endothelial damage. Healthy endothelium is covered by a protective glycocalyx layer, which, when degraded, releases detectable products into the blood. Sphingosine-1phosphate (S1P) is a cardiovascular biomarker involved in glycocalyx preservation, linked to placentation and preeclampsia development. The study aimed to test the

BackgroundResearch is limited on registered healthcare professionals (RHCP) usage of research and evidence-based practice (EBP) in Swedish municipal primary healthcare work.Aim/ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to increase the understanding of experiences, attitudes, and conditions of usage of research and implementation of EBP among RHCPs in a Swedish municipality setting. Further, the study ai

Interfacial properties of a hole-transport material (HTM) and a perovskite layer are of high importance, which can influence the interfacial charge transfer dynamics as well as the growth of perovskite bulk crystals particularly in inverted structure. The halogen bonding (XB) has been recognized as a powerful functional group to be integrated with new small molecule HTMs. Herein, a carbazole-ba

Aims/hypothesis: Some studies find an increased risk of type 1 diabetes in children exposed to antibiotics. We investigated if exposure to antibiotics increases the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and type 2 diabetes. Methods: We used data from a Swedish case–control study (Epidemiological Study of Risk Factors for LADA and Type 2 Diabetes [ESTRID]: LADA, n=597; type 2 diabetes

Nano-LEDs, with sizes smaller than 1 μm and close to sub-wavelengths, have received increasing attention because of their potential applications in next-generation self-emissive displays, visible light communication, optogenetics, maskless lithography, on-chip super-resolution microscopy, etc. In contrast to the top-down fabrication of nano-LEDs, where the efficiency drop caused by dry-etching rel

Background: Stroke is one of the major chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) with high morbidity, disability and mortality. The key to preventing stroke lies in controlling risk factors. However, screening risk factors and quantifying stroke risk levels remain challenging. Methods: A novel prediction model for stroke risk based on two-level feature selection and deep fusion network (SRPNet) is

B lymphopoiesis is orchestrated by lineage-specific transcription factors. In B cell progenitors, lineage commitment is mediated by Pax5, which is commonly mutated in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Despite its essential role in immunity, the mechanisms regulating Pax5 function remain largely unknown. Here, we found that the NAD+-dependent enzyme SIRT7 coordinates B cell development through d

This article summarizes the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organized by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in

Microorganisms play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including metabolism, immune defense, nutrition absorption, defense against cancer, and protection against pathogen colonization. Changes in microbial communities serve as potential biomarkers for diseases, offering significant insights into disease treatment and diagnosis. However, the association between microorganisms and di