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The rapidly growing interest in photocatalytic systems for direct solar fuel production such as hydrogen generation from water splitting is grounded in the unique opportunity to achieve charge separation in molecular systems provided by electron transfer processes. In general, both photoinduced and catalytic processes involve complicated dynamics that depend on both structural and electronic effec

Background: The effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) on invasive pneumococcal disease is frequently reported, but the impact on upper respiratory tract infections in a clinical setting is less documented. Our aim in this 5-year observational study was to investigate serotype changes in a large number of Streptococcus pneumoniae upper respiratory tract isolates following sequential intro

Soot emissions from diesel internal combustion engines are strictly regulated nowadays. Laser extinction measurement (LEM) and natural luminosity (NL) of sooty flames are commonly applied to study soot. LEM measures soot along the laser beam path and it can probe soot regardless of temperature. NL integrates the whole field of view and relies on soot temperature. In this work, a comparison of simu

Objective: To determine the prevalence, change in breathlessness status over time, and risk factors for disabling and persistent disabling breathlessness in relation to treatments in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Materials and methods: Longitudinal analysis of data from the Swedish National Register of COPD with breathlessness measured using modified Medical Research Council (mMRC)

A high level of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) is a marker for inflammation in the airways of asthmatic subjects. However, little is known about how NO and inducible nitric oxides synthase (iNOS) activity may affect remodelling in the distal lung. We hypothesized that there is a link between iNOS and ongoing remodelling processes in the distal lung of mild asthmatics.

Background aims. Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) are gene therapy, somatic cell therapy or tissue-engineered products regulated under (EC) No. 1394/2007 to ensure their free movement within the European Union while guaranteeing the highest level of health protection for patients. Academic good manufacturing practice (GMP) centers are major contributors in the development of ATMPs and th

The question of how the vertebrate embryo gives rise to a nervous system is of paramount interest in developmental biology. Neural induction constitutes the earliest step in this process and is tightly connected with development of the embryonic body axes. In the Xenopus embryo, perpendicular gradients of BMP and Wnt signals pattern the dorsoventral and anteroposterior body axes. Both pathways nee

Here we detail transparent, flexible, nanostructured, membrane-less and mediator-free glucose/oxygen enzymatic fuel cells, which can be reproducibly fabricated with industrial scale throughput. The electrodes were built on a biocompatible flexible polymer, while nanoimprint lithography was used for their nanostructuring. The electrodes were covered with gold, their surfaces were visualised using s

Sverige är ett av få länder som har tagit fram en nationell handlingsplan för att omsätta FN:s vägledande principer för företag och mänskliga rättigheter på nationell nivå. FN:s vägledande principer skapar inga nya folkrättsliga förpliktelser, utan uppmuntrar endast stater att ta fram nationella handlingsplaner för att omsätta principerna på nationell nivå. Sveriges framtagande av planen kan såled

Kycklingkött är det kött med minst klimatpåverkan och fjäderfän, Gallus gallus, är den djurart som det föds upp flest av i världen. I Sverige ökar antalet fjäderfä samtidigt som den genomsnittliga besättningsstorleken ökar. Det är mer väsentligt än någonsin att hönsen som vi använder inom livsmedelsproduktionen mår bra och har en hög djurvälfärd. Synen är det sinnet som fåglarna använder mest och Factory produced chicken meat has the lowest climate impact and domesticated poultry, (Gallus gallus), is the world's most commonly bred animal. In Sweden the production of poultry is increasing, also the size of an average facility with chickens is increasing. Vision is their dominant sense organ and the vision is important for the animals to be able to explore their environment and search fo

Significant behavioral changes will need to be implemented to prevent the energy supply sector from tripling CO2 emissions by the midcentury. However, within the academic research, behavior changes remain primarily focused on the individual level, while the behavior of companies that are responsible for elevated greenhouse gas emissions falls behind. This master’s thesis analyses the core values

Syftet med denna studie är att nå nya kunskaper gällande värdering av ämnet musik, sett utifrån olika infallsvinklar. Studien syftar även till att belysa musikens påverkan på en skolmiljö och att understryka musikens värde i skolan. Studien utfördes vid en norsk grundskola i Spanien och bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer av fokusgrupper bestående av elever från olika årskurser, samt intervjuer med mThe purpose of this study is to obtain new knowledge on the perceived and given value of the subject music from different points of views. The study also intends to investigate the effect of music on a school environment and to examine its value in school. The study was made at a Norwegian school in Spain and it is based on qualitative interviews with focus groups including students from different

ar. Enorma framsteg har gjorts de senaste decennierna i neonatalvården (vård för nyfödda barn) och omkring 80% av EPT-barn i Sverige överlever. Dessa framsteg innefattar bl.a. administrering av kortison för att påskynda lungmognaden, modern teknisk utrustning, bättre kunskaper om neonatala sjukdomar m.m. Globalt är överlevnaden av EPT-barn lägre i länder med sämre ekonomiska förutsättningar och däAim: To evaluate a pipeline for automatic MRI brain segmentation and volumetric tissue structure quantification in a cohort of extremely preterm infants. Methods: 13 extremely preterm neonates underwent MRI-scanning at a term equivalent age. Seven of these subjects had suitable MRI sequences and were analyzed in the pipeline. Segmentation of MRI brain images into brain tissue types and parcellati

The 2011 UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) introduced human rights due diligence (HRDD) as a societal expectation to businesses to implement a new kind of due diligence risk management process to ‘know and show’ they respect human rights. Ten years later, mandatory human rights due diligence (mHRDD) legislation imposing a legal duty to carry out HRDD has become mainstream

I juli 2016 introducerades lagen om tillfälliga begränsningar av möjligheten att få uppehållstillstånd i Sverige (den tillfälliga lagen). Ikraftträdandet av den tillfälliga lagen innebar att rätten till familjeåterförening för alternativt skyddsbehövande begränsades avsevärt. Enligt 7§ den tillfälliga lagen exkluderades alternativt skyddsbehövande från rätten att återförenas med sin familj under dIn July 2016, the Law on temporary limitations to the possibility of being granted residence permit in Sweden (the Temporary Law) came into force. The Temporary Law implied a sharp turn in Swedish asylum legislation. The right to family reunification, which previously had been granted subsidiary protection beneficiaries and refugees on a similar basis, was suddenly heavily restricted for beneficia

Åldrandet hos oss människor är individuellt och sker gradvis under en lång tid. Vissa funktioner i kroppen försämras och äldre människor har ofta av olika anledningar svårigheter att få i sig den mängd näring som de har ett behov utav, därför behöver de oftast dela upp sin kost i fler måltider fördelat under dagen. I denna uppsats jämförs kosten som serveras i ett ålderdomshem i en mindre kommun iThe aging of us humans is individual and occurs gradually over a long period of time. Some functions in the body deteriorate and older people often have difficulty for various reasons to get the amount of nutrition they need, so they usually need to divide their diet into more meals distributed during the day. In this essay, the diet served in a retirement home in a small municipality in northwest

Formation of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche in bone marrow (BM) is tightly associated with endochondral ossification, but little is known about the mechanisms involved. We used the oc/oc mouse, a mouse model with impaired endochondral ossification caused by a loss of osteoclast (OCL) activity, to investigate the role of osteoblasts (OBLs) and OCLs in the HSC niche formation. The absence o

Identification and isolation of cardiomyocytes from the heart, embryonic stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells is a challenging task and will require specific isolation techniques. Less than 30% of the cells within the murine heart are cardiomyocytes and, what is more, there are multiple sub-populations of cardiomyocytes like atrial, ventricular and conduction system cardiomyocytes. In Pap