Filetype
NanoMAX is the first hard X-ray nanoprobe beamline at the MAX IV laboratory. It utilizes the unique properties of the world's first operational multi-bend achromat storage ring to provide an intense and coherent focused beam for experiments with several methods. In this paper we present the beamline optics design in detail, show the performance figures, and give an overview of the surrounding infr
The present study reports on the development of a questionnaire that evaluates children's experiences of their physical classroom environment, activities and interactions. It also explores the psychometric properties of the questionnaire and how acoustical characteristics of the classroom, class size and student characteristics (age, sex and Swedish as a second language) influence the self-reporte
Syngas produced by gasification, which contains a high hydrogen content, has significant potential. The variation in the hydrogen content and dilution combustion are effective means to improve the steady combustion of syngas and reduce NOx emissions. OH planar laser-induced fluorescence technology (OH-PLIF) was applied in the present investigation of the turbulence of a premixed flame of syngas wi
The surface chemistry and thickness of the native oxide, hydroxide, and modified sub-surface layer of three Ni superalloys (alloy 59, 625, and 718) were determined by synchrotron X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray Reflectivity (XRR). Taking advantage of the synchrotron radiation techniques, a procedure for normalizing the photoelectron intensity was employed, which allowed for accura
Two-dimensional halide perovskites (2D PVSKs) have drawn tremendous attentions owing to their outstanding ambient stability. However, the random orientation of layered crystals severely impedes the out-of-plane carrier transport and limits the solar cell performance. An in-depth understanding coupled with an effective control of the crystallization in 2D PVSKs is the crux for highly efficient and
With the goal to delevop the fabrication of a new type of Pt-nanoparticle carbon-support electrocatalyst, we investigate the carbon embedding of Pt cluster superlattices grown on the moiré of a monolayer of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) on Ir(111). Our combined scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study establishes conformal C embedding of the Pt clusters
Background Most health service utilisation studies are of people with specific diagnoses or demographic characteristics, and rarely of specific chronic symptoms. The aim of this study was to establish whether population-level health service utilisation increases in people with chronic breathlessness. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was carried out of the South Australian Health Omnibus Survey 2
Alzheimer´s disease (AD) is the most common human neuro-degenerative disease characterized by the formation of cerebral plaques. Several are the amyloid-beta (Aβ) variants found in the brain of healthy individuals. Among them, the Aβ40 variant is predominantly found in the cerebrospinal fluid while the Aβ42 variant appears as fibrillar aggregates in the brain of AD patients. In vitro studies confi
Background: There is an increasing interest in the potential health benefits of positive psychological states, especially with regard to cardiovascular health. Life satisfaction is thought to be a constituent component of psychological well-being; however, among the few previous studies that have investigated its associations with early stages of the cardiovascular disease process, only one small
The aim of this community-randomised smoking cessation (SC) trial was to investigate both recruitment and SC-rates in three municipalities offering financial incentives (FIM) to smokers who stop smoking when attending a municipal SC-program and compare these with three municipalities investing in a campaign (CAM) that should encourage smokers to use the SC-program. Furthermore, in a non-randomised
Aims To establish normative values of vibration perception thresholds (VPTs), using multi-frequency vibrometry at finger pulps and at metatarsal heads of the foot in healthy adults. We also aimed to investigate factors that could potentially affect VPTs such as age, sex, height, weight, foot- or handedness and skin temperature. Methods VPTs were examined in 924 healthy and randomly selected subjec
In the summer of 1993, two Russian scientists from the Institute of Physics in Nizhny Novgorod drove the 1, 934 km to Umeå, where I was based at that time, in their red Lada car loaded with a home-built Ti:Sa laser. Within a few days, the laser was put in operation, pumped by a small argon-ion laser, and produced stable -100 fs pulses at 790 nm. These pulses were applied to our favorite topic at t
Willow (Salix spp.) trees have been used commercially since the 1980s to produce renewable energy. Some benefits with these trees are that they can clean soil from heavy metals, reduce the risk of nutrient leakage and eutrophication. They could be an alternative to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel, but they are known to emit high rates of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs)
BackgroundTreatment following traumatic knee injury includes neuromuscular training, with or without surgical reconstruction. The aim of rehabilitation is to restore muscle function and address psychological factors to allow a return to activity. Attention is often on rehabilitation of knee function, but deficiencies often persist. Specific interventions addressing psychological factors are sparin
Objective Obesity is a well-known risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), but there is little evidence on the effect of long-term trajectories of body mass index (BMI) over the life course. By using repeated assessments, the aim was to study the risk of CHD in adults during 38 years in different trajectories of BMI. Methods A sample of 2129 men and women, aged 20-59 years at baseline, took p
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study aimed to expand the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) nutrient database (ENDB) by adding amino acid (AA) values, using the U.S. nutrient database (USNDB). Additionally, we aimed to evaluate these new protein and AA intake estimates from the EPIC dietary questionnaires (DQ) and 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR) using different matching p
Investigating physical activity (PA) patterns as a detailed intensity spectrum instead of crude intensity categories have improved the ability to analyze the relationship between measured PA and health variables. The aim of this methodological study was to introduce and investigate the utility of using detailed PA intensity spectrum compared to crude PA intensity categories for comparison of PA be
BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a common complication to atrial fibrillation (AF), leading to rehospitalization and death. Early identification of patients with AF at risk for HF might improve outcomes. We aimed to derive a score to predict 1-year risk of new-onset HF after an emergency department (ED) visit with AF. METHODS AND RESULTS: The RE-LY AF (Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagu
A setup capable of conducting gas pulse-X-ray probe ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy with high time resolution is presented. The setup makes use of a fast valve that creates gas pulses with an internal pressure in the mbar range and a rising edge of few hundreds of microseconds. A gated detector based on a fast camera is synchronized with the valve operation to measure X-ray photoemissi
