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A neutron transport system for the planned imaging instrument ODIN at the future European Spallation Source (ESS) based on neutron optical components was designed and optimized. Different ways of prompt pulse suppression were studied. The spectral performance of the optimal neutron guide configuration is presented. In addition, the influence of the gaps in the guide system needed for the required

Monitoring and evaluation of malaria control in pregnancy is essential for assessing the efficacy and effectiveness of health interventions aimed at reducing the major burden of this disease on women living in endemic areas. Yet there is no currently integrated strategic approach on how this should be achieved. Malaria control in pregnancy is formulated in relation to epidemiological patterns of e

The main aim of this paper is to study land-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) for semi-arid savanna ecosystems of the Sahel region and its response to climatic and environmental change. A subsidiary aim is to study and quantify the seasonal dynamics in light use efficiency (epsilon) being a key variable in scaling carbon fluxes from ground observations using earth observation data. The n

To account for microbial reduction and food quality changes, first-order chemical reaction was added to a model for axial-dispersed plug flow (ADPF), which was recently developed for efficient (In the terminology of this paper, efficient is related to computation time for a given level of accuracy.) computation of time-dependent, large flow systems. It was shown that the extended ADPF model gives

There exists an increasing demand for cost and time efficient cutting tests for describing the performance of different combinations of cutting tools and workpiece materials in the cutting process both in industry and academia. Cutting tools are expected to withstand the heat and the pressure developed during the machining of difficult to machine materials such as Ti6Al4V. This article introduces

Background The clinical distinction between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is sometimes difficult, particularly in mild cases. Although CSF markers such as amyloid beta 42 (A beta 42) and P-tau can distinguish between AD and normal controls, their ability to distinguish between AD and DLB is not adequate. Objective This study aims to investigate whether CSF markers, i

The flexibility of implantable neural probes has increased during the last 10 years, starting with stiff materials such as silicone to more flexible materials like polyimide. We have developed a novel polymer based on Off-Stoichiometry Thiol-Enes + Epoxy (OSTE+, consisting of a thiol, two allyls, an epoxy resin and two initiators), which is up to 100 times more flexible than polyimide. Since a fle

Introduction: There is a common understanding that driving under the influence of alcohol is associated with higher risk of being involved in crashes with injuries and possible fatalities as the outcome. Various countermeasures have therefore from time to time been taken by the authorities to prevent drunk driving. One of them has been the alcohol interlock. Up to now, interlocks have mainly been

Abstract in UndeterminedThis paper describes a method for assessing the effectiveness in the steps of the learning cycle: the 1st loop with reporting - analysis - decision - implementation - follow-up, and the 2nd loop on an aggregated basis. For each step, the dimensions considered the most relevant for the learning process (scope, quality, timing and information distribution) and for each dimens

Background We evaluated the accuracy and repeatability of a 3D method for polyethylene acetabular cup wear measurements using computed tomography (CT). We propose that the method be used for clinical in vivo assessment of wear in acetabular cups. Material and methods Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cups with a titanium mesh molded on the outside were subjected to wear using a hip simulato

Quantifying the water exchange between a forest stand and the atmosphere is of major interest for the prediction of future growth conditions and the planning of silvicultural treatments. In the present study, we address (i) the uncertainties of sap flow estimations at the tree level and (ii) the performance of the simulation of stand transpiration. Terrestrial laser scan images (TLS) of a mature b

In order to understand ritual in the past, archaeology has long relied on theories developed in other disciplines. While these theories, which often rely on written or oral information, have added many important dimensions to our interpretation of the archaeological record, they have often proven difficult to successfully articulate with the archaeological sources. Moreover, archaeology has tended

We present a framework based on object orientation with novel principles for how to store, analyze and integrate electrophysiological data. These principles are: (I) Using a Decorator pattern for storing analysis data in an object model, (II) using a Core Classes data structure for integration through mediation in a service bus architecture, and (III) choosing the single unit as the finest structu

Aims/hypothesis To study, at a population level, school performance when leaving compulsory school of Swedish children whose mothers had diabetes during pregnancy compared with a reference population. Mehtohds We linked the Swedish Medical Birth Register with the Swedish School Mark Register, which contains school marks for all children in Sweden when leaving compulsory school. A total of 6,397 ch

A short wavelength approximation of a boundary integral operator for two-dimensional isotropic and homogeneous elastic bodies is derived from first principles starting from the Navier-Cauchy equation. Trace formulas for elastodynamics are deduced connecting the eigenfrequency spectrum of an elastic body to the set of periodic rays where mode conversion enters as a dynamical feature.

Early age at first birth and multiparity have been associated with a decrease in the risk of breast cancer in women in the general population. We examined whether this relationship is also present in women at high risk of breast cancer due to the presence of a mutation in either of the 2 breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 or BRCA2. We performed a matched case-control study of 1,260 pairs of

Background: This study examined how interpersonal relationships, specifically marital quality and adequacy of social support, are associated with depressive symptoms among women. Methods: A sample of 326 female monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs and their spouses was drawn from the Swedish Twin Registry. Associations among the three variables were evaluated by comparing similarities among monozy

Using Monte Carlo simulation of 99Tcm single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT), we investigate the effects of tissue-background activity, tumour location, patient size, uncertainty of energy windows, and definition of tumour region on the accuracy of quantification. The dual-energy-window method of correction for Compton scattering is employed and the multiplier which yields correct acti