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We report results from a large-scale nutrient fertilization experiment along a "megadiverse" (154 unique species were included in the study) 3,000-m elevation transect in the Peruvian Andes and adjacent lowland Amazonia. Our objectives were to test if nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) limitation shift along this elevation gradient, and to determine how an alleviation of nutrient limitation would man
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the associations between vertical (institutional) political trust in the Riksdag and daily smoking and smoking cessation. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: In total, 27,757 individuals aged 18-80 years answered a postal questionnaire, which represents 59% of the random sample. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the associations between politi
Background. One of many approaches being evaluated in experimental models and in the clinic for the treatment of cancer is the use of antibodies conjugated to various drugs or radionuclides. The aim of the present study was to compare the toxicity profiles of radioimmunoconjugates and drug-immunoconjugates based on the same monoclonal antibody, evaluated in the same experimental model, that much r
The scarab beetle Osmoderma eremita and its larval predator, the click beetle Elater ferrugineus, are threatened saproxylic beetles regarded as indicators of the species-richness of insect fauna of hollow deciduous trees. Male O. eremita produce the pheromone (R)-(+)-gamma-decalactone to attract conspecific females, and this compound is also utilized by E. ferrugineus as a kairomone, presumably fo
A measurement technique capable of recording three-dimensional laser induced images with a spatial resolution of 610x512x20 voxels over a volume of 29x24x15 mm(3) and at a frame rate of 1 kHz is presented. A novel approach for sweeping the illuminating laser sheet across the investigated volume is introduced as a key feature. The technique is applied to imaging nebulized water droplets with a nitr
We have studied the oxidation and reduction of Rh(100) and SiO2 supported Rh particles using high pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We show that the formation and reduction of Rh bulk oxide can be followed in situ in O-2 and CO pressures in the range of 0.1 Torr. In general, the oxidation/reduction processes are similar on Rh(100) and the nanoparticles, but there are significant differenc
OBJECTIVE-Human blood glucose levels have likely evolved toward their current point of stability over hundreds of thousands of years. The robust population stability of this trait is called canalization. It has been represented by a hyperbolic function of two variables: insulin sensitivity and insulin response. Environmental changes due to global migration may have pushed some human subpopulations
Until now inscriptions have confirmed that the quarries of Gebel el Silsila East were in use until the time of Emperor Tiberius, but recent findings indicate that the quarrying process continued for at least another two generations. In one of the many smaller quarries three men carved their name repeatedly on the quarry walls, and dated their visits to a four year period, between the sixth and ten
The energy spectrum for a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector has a low energy tail due to incomplete charge collection and intercrystal scattering. Due to these solid-state detector effects, scatter would be overestimated if the conventional triple-energy window (TEW) method is used for scatter and crosstalk corrections in CZT-based imaging systems. The objective of this work is to develop a sc
Context Adjuvant imatinib administered for 12 months after surgery has improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with operable gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) compared with placebo. Objective To investigate the role of imatinib administration duration as adjuvant treatment of patients who have a high estimated risk for GIST recurrence after surgery. Design, Setting, and Patients Pa
The classical pathway of complement is crucial to the immune system, but it also contributes to inflammatory diseases when dys-regulated. Binding of the C1 complex to ligands activates the pathway by inducing autoactivation of associated C1r, after which C1r activates C1s. C1s cleaves complement component C4 and then C2 to cause full activation of the system. The interaction between C1s and C4 inv
Background: Chronic pain patients are common in general practice. In this study "chronic pain" is defined as diffuse musculoskeletal pain not due to inflammatory diseases or cancer. Effective patient-physician relations improve treatment results. The relationship between doctors and chronic pain patients is often dysfunctional. Consultation training for physicians and medical students can improve
Pressurized Hot Water Extraction (PHWE) is a quick, efficient and environmentally friendly technique for extractions. However. when using PHWE to extract thermally unstable analytes, extraction and degradation effects occur at the same time, and thereby compete. At first, the extraction effect dominates, but degradation effects soon take over. In this paper, extraction and degradation rates of ant
We present a very simple polymer model of polyethylene glycols/oxides in water that can be used in combination with Molecular Dynamics or Monte Carlo simulations to accurately reproduce the equation of state and radii of gyrations across several orders of magnitude, in terms of osmotic pressure and polymer length. This is of importance for example in osmotic stress experiments, with the aim to acc
A large part of new pharmaceutical substances are characterized by a poor solubility and high hydrophobicity, which might lead to a difference in drug adsorption between fasted and fed patients. We have previously evaluated the release of hydrophobic drugs from tablets based on Pemulen TR2 and showed that the release can be manipulated by adding surfactants. Here we further evaluate the possibilit
Background: There is a worldwide obesity epidemic, but lack of a simple method, applicable for research or clinical use, to identify individuals at high risk of weight gain. Therefore, the relationship of self-rated health and 10-year percent weight change was evaluated to determine if self-rated health would predict weight change. Methods: From 1990 to 2008, adults aged 30, 40, 50 and 60 years we
Background: Unambiguous interpretation of ordered rating scale response categories requires distinct meanings of category labels. Also, summation of item responses into total scores assumes equal intervals between categories. While studies have identified problems with rating scale response category functioning there is a paucity of empirical studies regarding how respondents interpret response ca
A method is described for quantification of the beef tenderness marker, calpastatin, in meat samples by amperometric detection. Using a novel bovine recombinant partial calpastatin protein as standard antigen a low detection limit of 0.2 ng/mL was achieved. The influence of the complex matrix was minimised by heat pretreatment and dilution of the samples prior to detection of calpastatin. The rela
